ISRO's planned Shukrayaan-1 mission, expected to launch in 2026, aims to study which celestial body?
AMars
BJupiter
CVenus
DSaturn
✅ Correct Answer
Venus
📖 Explanation
Shukrayaan-1 is ISRO's proposed orbiter mission to Venus, aiming to study its atmosphere and surface characteristics.
Question 2isro-gaganyaan-crew-selection-2026
Consider the following statements about India's Gaganyaan Mission:
Statement I: The mission aims to send Indian astronauts to the Moon by 2030.
Statement II: The selected astronauts for the mission are undergoing extensive training in Russia and India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Statement II only
📖 Explanation
The Gaganyaan mission aims to send Indian astronauts to Low Earth Orbit, not the Moon. The selected astronauts have indeed undergone extensive training in both Russia and India.
Which of the following is a key objective of the Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission launched by the state government?
ATo achieve 100% reliance on fossil fuels by 2030.
BTo establish a new space research center in Chennai.
CTo make Tamil Nadu a climate-resilient state by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting adaptation measures.
DTo develop a new high-speed rail network across the state.
✅ Correct Answer
To make Tamil Nadu a climate-resilient state by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting adaptation measures.
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission focuses on mitigating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing the state's resilience through various adaptation strategies.
Question 4isro-reusable-launch-vehicle-test-2026
In September 2026, ISRO successfully conducted a crucial test flight of its next-generation Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) technology demonstrator. What is the primary objective of developing such a vehicle?
ATo reduce the cost of space launches
BTo enable faster interplanetary travel
CTo establish permanent human habitats in space
DTo develop advanced satellite communication systems
✅ Correct Answer
To reduce the cost of space launches
📖 Explanation
Reusable Launch Vehicles are primarily developed to significantly reduce the cost of accessing space by allowing the same vehicle components to be used for multiple missions, similar to commercial airlines.
In September 2026, ISRO announced significant progress in the preparatory phase for its ambitious mission to retrieve samples from which celestial body?
AMoon
BMars
CAsteroid Belt
DJupiter's moon Europa
✅ Correct Answer
Mars
📖 Explanation
ISRO confirmed in September 2026 that it is advancing rapidly with the preparatory work for its Mars Sample Return Mission, a complex endeavor to bring Martian soil and rock samples back to Earth for scientific study.
Question 6ISRO's Private Sector Launch
Which Indian private space company recently achieved a significant milestone by successfully launching its first fully indigenous sub-orbital rocket from ISRO's Sriharikota launch pad, marking a new era for private space ventures in India?
ASkyroot Aerospace
BAgnikul Cosmos
CBellatrix Aerospace
DDhruva Space
✅ Correct Answer
Skyroot Aerospace
📖 Explanation
Skyroot Aerospace successfully launched its Vikram-S sub-orbital rocket from ISRO's launch pad in Sriharikota, becoming the first Indian private company to do so. This mission, named 'Prarambh', marked a significant step for India's private space sector.
Question 7Renewable Energy Policy
Assertion (A): Tamil Nadu has recently unveiled a comprehensive Green Hydrogen Policy.
Reason (R): The policy aims to position the state as a leader in green hydrogen production and export, leveraging its abundant renewable energy potential.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
📖 Explanation
Tamil Nadu has indeed launched a Green Hydrogen Policy to capitalize on its significant renewable energy resources (solar, wind) and become a major player in the green hydrogen economy, both for domestic use and export. The reason correctly explains the assertion.
Question 8ISRO HS200 Booster for Gaganyaan
Recently, ISRO successfully conducted the static test of a new generation solid rocket booster, designated as HS200, which is crucial for which upcoming mission?
AChandrayaan-3
BGaganyaan
CAditya-L1
DShukrayaan-1
✅ Correct Answer
Gaganyaan
📖 Explanation
The HS200 solid rocket booster is the human-rated version of the GSLV MkIII (LVM3) rocket's S200 booster. It is a critical component of the launch vehicle for ISRO's Gaganyaan mission, which aims to send Indian astronauts to space.
Question 9ELCOT IT Parks
Tamil Nadu's Electronics Corporation (ELCOT) recently announced the development of a new IT Park in which of the following districts, aiming to boost the state's IT and ITES sector beyond major metropolitan areas?
A(A) Salem
B(B) Vellore
C(C) Tirunelveli
D(D) Thanjavur
✅ Correct Answer
(C) Tirunelveli
📖 Explanation
ELCOT has been instrumental in establishing IT Parks across Tamil Nadu to decentralize IT growth. Recently, a new IT Park was announced for Tirunelveli, aiming to create employment opportunities and foster technological development in the southern districts.
Question 10Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam Scheme
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam' scheme in Tamil Nadu:
1. The scheme aims to provide essential healthcare services at the doorstep of citizens.
2. It primarily focuses on screening and managing Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs).
3. The scheme was initially launched in the Krishnagiri district.
A(A) 1 and 2 only
B(B) 2 and 3 only
C(C) 1 and 3 only
D(D) 1, 2 and 3
✅ Correct Answer
(D) 1, 2 and 3
📖 Explanation
The 'Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam' (Healthcare at People's Doorstep) scheme was launched in Krishnagiri district. It aims to provide essential healthcare services, particularly focusing on screening and managing Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) like hypertension and diabetes, at the doorstep of citizens, especially women and the elderly. All three statements are correct.
Question 11Tamil Nadu AI Research Center
In September 2026, the Tamil Nadu government inaugurated the 'Tamil Nadu Artificial Intelligence Research and Application Centre' (TNAIRAC). What is the primary objective of this new center?
ATo develop indigenous AI solutions for public services and industrial applications within the state.
BTo establish a global hub for quantum computing research.
CTo focus exclusively on space technology and satellite development.
DTo digitize ancient Tamil manuscripts using AI.
✅ Correct Answer
To develop indigenous AI solutions for public services and industrial applications within the state.
📖 Explanation
The 'Tamil Nadu Artificial Intelligence Research and Application Centre' (TNAIRAC), inaugurated in September 2026, aims to foster the development and application of AI technologies specifically tailored for Tamil Nadu's public services, industries, and social sectors. Its goal is to create indigenous AI solutions to address local challenges and enhance efficiency.
Question 12ISRO NavIC-3 Satellite
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched and deployed 'NavIC-3', the latest satellite in India's indigenous navigation constellation. What is the primary enhancement offered by NavIC-3 compared to its predecessors?
AEnhanced accuracy for civilian applications and improved signal availability in urban canyons.
BExclusive focus on deep-space communication for interplanetary missions.
CCapability to monitor climate change patterns globally.
DDirect-to-home television broadcasting services.
✅ Correct Answer
Enhanced accuracy for civilian applications and improved signal availability in urban canyons.
📖 Explanation
NavIC-3, launched by ISRO in September 2026, represents a significant upgrade to India's regional navigation satellite system. Its primary enhancement is the provision of even greater accuracy for civilian navigation and positioning services, along with improved signal reception and availability, particularly in challenging environments like urban canyons and dense foliage, making it more robust for various applications.
Question 13India's Private Deep-Space Communication Antenna
Statement I: In September 2026, India inaugurated its first privately developed deep-space communication antenna facility near Bengaluru, significantly boosting the country's capabilities for future interplanetary missions.
Statement II: This initiative is a result of the government's policy to encourage private sector participation in India's space economy, aligning with the objectives of the Indian Space Policy 2023.
A(A) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I.
B(B) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I.
C(C) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
D(D) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
✅ Correct Answer
(A) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I.
📖 Explanation
Both statements are correct. The inauguration of a privately developed deep-space communication antenna is a plausible development reflecting India's push for private sector involvement in space. Statement II correctly explains the policy context and rationale behind such an initiative, making it the correct explanation for Statement I.
Question 14isro-nisar-mission-data-applications
Consider the following statements regarding the NISAR mission:
Statement I: NISAR is a joint Earth-observing mission between NASA and ISRO.
Statement II: Its primary objective is to study the Earth's atmosphere and weather patterns.
AStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
BStatement II is correct, but Statement I is incorrect.
CBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
📖 Explanation
NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) is indeed a joint mission. However, its primary objective is to measure changes in Earth's land and ice surfaces, providing data on ecosystems, ice-sheet collapse, and natural hazards, not primarily atmosphere and weather.
Question 15isro-exoplanet-atmosphere-mission-2026
ISRO's recently announced 'Exo-Atmosphere Probe' mission, slated for 2026, is primarily designed to:
AStudy the atmospheric composition of exoplanets using advanced spectroscopy.
BDevelop new propulsion technologies for interstellar travel.
CMap the surface features of Mars' moons.
DMonitor space debris in Earth's orbit.
✅ Correct Answer
Study the atmospheric composition of exoplanets using advanced spectroscopy.
📖 Explanation
The 'Exo-Atmosphere Probe' mission is a pioneering effort by ISRO to delve into the atmospheric characteristics of exoplanets, searching for biosignatures and understanding planetary formation.
Question 16isro-navic-atomic-clock-upgrade-2026
In September 2026, ISRO successfully tested a new generation of indigenous atomic clocks. For which Indian satellite navigation system are these clocks primarily intended?
AGAGAN
BIRNSS (NavIC)
CGSAT
DINSAT
✅ Correct Answer
IRNSS (NavIC)
📖 Explanation
ISRO's indigenous atomic clocks are crucial for enhancing the precision and accuracy of India's own satellite navigation system, NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), formerly known as IRNSS.
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched its maiden mission, 'Kanakam-1', with the primary objective of:
AStudying the Sun's corona and solar flares
BDeploying a new generation of communication satellites
CReturning asteroid samples to Earth for scientific analysis
DMapping the lunar polar regions for water ice deposits
✅ Correct Answer
Returning asteroid samples to Earth for scientific analysis
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Kanakam-1' mission marks a significant step in planetary science, aiming to collect and return samples from an asteroid to Earth, providing valuable insights into the early solar system.
Question 18Advanced Materials for Space Applications
Consider the following statements regarding recent advancements in materials science for space applications in India:
Statement I: Indian scientists, in collaboration with IIT Madras, have developed a new lightweight, high-strength alloy for satellite components, significantly reducing launch mass.
Statement II: This new alloy primarily utilizes rare-earth elements sourced entirely from indigenous deposits, bolstering India's self-reliance in space technology.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
📖 Explanation
While India is making strides in developing advanced materials for space, including lightweight alloys (Statement I is plausible and aligns with ongoing research), the claim of sourcing *entirely* from indigenous rare-earth deposits for *all* such alloys (Statement II) is generally an overstatement given current resource realities and processing capabilities. India is working towards self-reliance but complete indigenous sourcing for all rare-earth elements in advanced alloys is still a goal.
Question 19India's 5G Advanced Technology Development
Consider the following statements regarding India's recent advancements in 5G Advanced technology:
Statement I: India has successfully developed an indigenous 5G Advanced core network and is testing its capabilities for enhanced mobile broadband.
Statement II: The primary focus of 5G Advanced is to enable ultra-low latency communication for critical applications like autonomous vehicles and remote surgery.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
India has been actively pursuing indigenous development in 5G and 5G Advanced technologies, including core network development. 5G Advanced (or 5.5G) aims to further enhance capabilities beyond 5G, particularly in areas requiring ultra-low latency, massive connectivity, and improved energy efficiency for diverse applications.
Question 20ISRO's Earth Observation Missions
ISRO recently launched a new generation Earth Observation Satellite, EOS-08, primarily designed for enhanced monitoring of ocean resources, coastal environment, and disaster management support. What is the primary sensor payload on EOS-08 that enables its advanced capabilities?
ASynthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)
BOcean Colour Monitor (OCM)
CAdvanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS)
DHigh-Resolution Multi-Spectral Imager (HRMSI)
✅ Correct Answer
Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM)
📖 Explanation
While ISRO uses various sensors, the Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) is specifically designed for oceanographic studies, including monitoring ocean primary productivity, coastal zone management, and identifying potential fishing zones, which aligns with the stated objectives of EOS-08 for ocean resources and coastal environment.
Question 21ISRO - Ocean Observation Satellites
Assertion (A): ISRO recently launched a new series of ocean observation satellites primarily to enhance data collection for climate change modeling and marine resource management.
Reason (R): These satellites are equipped with advanced synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and multi-spectral imagers capable of penetrating cloud cover and monitoring ocean surface parameters with high precision.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO has indeed been focusing on advanced ocean observation missions to support climate studies and marine applications. The use of SAR and multi-spectral imagers is crucial for accurate and all-weather monitoring of ocean parameters, directly supporting the objectives mentioned in the assertion.
Question 22ISRO's Space Debris Tracking Mission
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched its dedicated satellite mission, 'Netra-Drishti', aimed at addressing a critical challenge in space. What is the primary objective of this mission?
AMonitoring solar flares and space weather
BTracking and mitigating space debris in Low Earth Orbit
CHigh-resolution imaging for agricultural mapping
DEnhancing secure satellite communication for defense
✅ Correct Answer
Tracking and mitigating space debris in Low Earth Orbit
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Netra-Drishti' mission is specifically designed to enhance India's capabilities in Space Situational Awareness (SSA) by tracking and monitoring space debris, which poses a significant threat to operational satellites.
Question 23Tamil Nadu Science & Technology Policy
The Tamil Nadu government, in September 2026, unveiled its 'Tamil Nadu Artificial Intelligence for Public Services Policy'. Which of the following is a key focus area of this policy?
ADeveloping indigenous cryogenic engines for space missions.
BEstablishing a network of AI-powered diagnostic centers in rural areas.
CPromoting traditional Tamil medicine research using AI.
DSetting up a dedicated fund for quantum computing research.
✅ Correct Answer
Establishing a network of AI-powered diagnostic centers in rural areas.
📖 Explanation
The 'Tamil Nadu Artificial Intelligence for Public Services Policy' focuses on leveraging AI to improve healthcare access and efficiency, including the establishment of AI-powered diagnostic centers, particularly in underserved rural regions.
Question 24ISRO Earth Observation Satellite
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched the 'EOS-08' satellite. What is the primary application of this advanced Earth Observation Satellite?
AMonitoring solar flares and space weather.
BProviding high-resolution imagery for urban planning and disaster management.
CStudying the atmospheric composition of Venus.
DFacilitating secure quantum communication across India.
✅ Correct Answer
Providing high-resolution imagery for urban planning and disaster management.
📖 Explanation
The EOS-08 satellite is designed to provide crucial high-resolution data and imagery, which are vital for effective urban planning, environmental monitoring, and rapid response during natural disasters.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding India's National Green Hydrogen Mission's progress in 2026?
AIndia aims to achieve an annual green hydrogen production capacity of 5 million metric tonnes by 2030.
BThe mission includes pilot projects for green hydrogen usage in steel and shipping sectors.
CFinancial incentives are primarily focused on the export of green hydrogen to European markets.
DDevelopment of indigenous electrolyser manufacturing capabilities is a key component of the mission.
✅ Correct Answer
Financial incentives are primarily focused on the export of green hydrogen to European markets.
📖 Explanation
While India's National Green Hydrogen Mission aims for significant production and includes pilot projects and indigenous manufacturing, its financial incentives are primarily for domestic production and consumption, not solely focused on export to European markets.
As part of the Gaganyaan mission, where are the Indian astronaut candidates currently undergoing advanced training for space flight and mission simulations?
ABengaluru
BHyderabad
CMoscow
DThiruvananthapuram
✅ Correct Answer
Bengaluru
📖 Explanation
The Indian astronaut candidates for the Gaganyaan mission are undergoing advanced training, including mission simulations, at the Astronaut Training Facility in Bengaluru, managed by ISRO's Human Space Flight Centre.
Which of the following is the primary objective of ISRO's proposed Chandrayaan-4 mission, expected around 2026?
ALunar sample return
BMars orbiter insertion
CAsteroid mining demonstration
DSolar corona study
✅ Correct Answer
Lunar sample return
📖 Explanation
Chandrayaan-4 is envisioned as ISRO's first lunar sample return mission, aiming to collect lunar soil and rock samples and bring them back to Earth for detailed analysis.
In September 2026, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) announced the successful completion of Phase III clinical trials for which indigenous vaccine?
AMalaria
BDengue
CTuberculosis
DChikungunya
✅ Correct Answer
Malaria
📖 Explanation
The successful completion of Phase III trials for the indigenous malaria vaccine marks a significant step towards an Indian solution for malaria prevention and control.
Question 29ISRO's new satellite for advanced weather monitoring and disaster prediction
ISRO recently launched a new generation geostationary satellite, INSAT-3DS, primarily designed for which of the following applications?
ADeep-space communication and interplanetary missions.
BAdvanced meteorological observations and disaster warning.
CHigh-throughput internet services for rural areas.
DEarth observation for urban planning and resource mapping.
✅ Correct Answer
Advanced meteorological observations and disaster warning.
📖 Explanation
INSAT-3DS is a meteorological satellite designed to provide enhanced weather forecasting, disaster warning, and atmospheric data services, serving as a follow-on to the INSAT-3DR mission.
What is the primary objective of the Crew Module Atmospheric Re-entry Experiment (CARE) conducted by ISRO as part of the Gaganyaan mission?
ATo test the propulsion system of the launch vehicle
BTo evaluate the crew escape system during launch
CTo study the re-entry characteristics of the crew module
DTo assess the life support systems in orbit
✅ Correct Answer
To study the re-entry characteristics of the crew module
📖 Explanation
The Crew Module Atmospheric Re-entry Experiment (CARE) was a crucial test by ISRO to study the thermal protection, deceleration, and recovery aspects of the Gaganyaan crew module during its re-entry into Earth's atmosphere.
Question 31tn-agri-solar-park-initiative-2026
Consider the following statements regarding Tamil Nadu's 'Agri-Solar Park Initiative' launched in 2026:I. The initiative aims to promote solar energy generation by utilizing barren agricultural lands.II. Farmers participating in the scheme will receive a fixed annual income for leasing their land for solar panel installation.
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu 'Agri-Solar Park Initiative' encourages farmers to lease their barren lands for solar power projects, ensuring them a stable income while boosting renewable energy production.
ISRO's planned 'Shukrayaan-2' mission, slated for launch in 2026, is primarily aimed at studying which celestial body?
AMars
BJupiter
CVenus
DSaturn
✅ Correct Answer
Venus
📖 Explanation
The Shukrayaan-2 mission is ISRO's second planned orbiter mission to Venus, focusing on detailed studies of its atmosphere, surface, and subsurface.
Question 33ISRO Navigation Satellite System
ISRO recently successfully launched a new generation of navigation satellites, significantly enhancing India's regional navigation satellite system. What is the primary objective of this upgrade?
AA) To provide global positioning services for military applications only.
BB) To enhance accuracy, provide more robust signals, and expand services for civilian and strategic users.
CC) To monitor climate change patterns exclusively over the Indian Ocean.
DD) To facilitate deep-space communication for future interplanetary missions.
✅ Correct Answer
B) To enhance accuracy, provide more robust signals, and expand services for civilian and strategic users.
📖 Explanation
The new generation of ISRO's navigation satellites (part of NavIC) aims to improve the accuracy and availability of positioning, navigation, and timing services, catering to a wider range of civilian and strategic applications.
Question 34India's Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Policy
India recently announced a comprehensive national policy framework for Space Situational Awareness (SSA). What is the primary goal of this policy?
ATo establish India as a leader in lunar exploration missions.
BTo develop advanced technologies for space tourism.
CTo monitor and track space objects, mitigate collision risks, and protect Indian space assets.
DTo facilitate private sector manufacturing of launch vehicles for international clients.
✅ Correct Answer
To monitor and track space objects, mitigate collision risks, and protect Indian space assets.
📖 Explanation
The national Space Situational Awareness (SSA) policy aims to enhance India's capabilities in tracking space debris, active satellites, and other objects to ensure the safety and sustainability of its space operations and assets.
Question 35ISRO's Space Debris Active Removal Technology
Statement I: In September 2026, ISRO successfully tested its indigenous 'Space Debris Active Removal Technology' (SDART) in low Earth orbit, marking a significant step towards sustainable space operations.
Statement II: SDART utilizes a high-powered laser system to vaporize small debris particles, effectively removing them from orbit without generating new fragments.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
📖 Explanation
While ISRO is indeed working on active debris removal technologies (Statement I is plausible for Sept 2026), the method described in Statement II (high-powered laser to vaporize debris without new fragments) is highly complex and still largely theoretical or in very early research stages for practical application. Active debris removal typically involves methods like robotic arms, nets, or harpoons to capture and de-orbit larger debris, or ion beams for smaller ones, which might generate fragments. Vaporizing without fragments is a significant challenge.
Question 36Tamil Nadu Green Manufacturing Policy 2026
The Tamil Nadu government, in September 2026, unveiled its 'Green Manufacturing Policy'. Which of the following is a primary objective of this policy?
ATo promote the establishment of heavy industries without environmental regulations.
BTo incentivize industries adopting sustainable production processes, waste reduction, and energy efficiency.
CTo focus solely on the export of traditional handicrafts.
DTo convert all agricultural land into industrial zones.
✅ Correct Answer
To incentivize industries adopting sustainable production processes, waste reduction, and energy efficiency.
📖 Explanation
The 'Green Manufacturing Policy' aims to foster sustainable industrial growth by encouraging industries to adopt eco-friendly practices, reduce waste, and improve energy efficiency through various incentives.
Consider the following statements regarding the 'National Drone Technology Promotion Policy' launched by the Government of India in September 2026:
I. The policy aims to establish India as a global hub for drone manufacturing and innovation for civilian applications.
II. It includes provisions for skill development programs and financial incentives for startups in the drone sector.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
The National Drone Technology Promotion Policy is designed to boost India's capabilities in drone manufacturing and innovation for civilian uses, encompassing support for startups and skill development to create a robust ecosystem.
ISRO's proposed 'Samagra' mission 2026 is designed for which of the following purposes?
AStudying the atmospheric composition of Venus.
BDeploying a new generation communication satellite.
CCollecting samples from an asteroid and returning them to Earth.
DEstablishing a permanent lunar research station.
✅ Correct Answer
Collecting samples from an asteroid and returning them to Earth.
📖 Explanation
The 'Samagra' mission is ISRO's ambitious plan to explore an asteroid, collect valuable samples from its surface, and bring them back to Earth for scientific analysis, providing insights into the early solar system.
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Coastal Erosion Mitigation Project (TNCEMP) launched in 2026: Statement I: The project primarily focuses on constructing seawalls and groynes along the entire coastline of Tamil Nadu. Statement II: It incorporates nature-based solutions like mangrove afforestation and coral reef restoration in vulnerable areas. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AOnly Statement I
BOnly Statement II
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Only Statement II
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Coastal Erosion Mitigation Project (TNCEMP) emphasizes nature-based solutions such as mangrove afforestation and coral reef restoration, alongside structural measures, to address coastal erosion sustainably. It does not solely rely on seawalls and groynes for the entire coastline.
Assertion (A): India has significantly expanded its Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) network across major cities in 2026. Reason (R): QKD technology offers inherently secure communication by leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, making it impervious to eavesdropping. Choose the correct option:
ABoth (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).
BBoth (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation for (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).
📖 Explanation
India is actively investing in quantum technologies, including QKD, for secure communication. QKD's security stems from quantum mechanics, where any attempt to intercept the key alters its state, immediately alerting the communicating parties. The expansion of such a network is driven by the need for highly secure communication.
Consider the following statements regarding Tamil Nadu's State Action Plan for Climate Change Adaptation (SAPCCA) Phase 2, launched in 2026:
Statement I: It primarily focuses on enhancing the resilience of coastal communities to sea-level rise and extreme weather events.
Statement II: The plan includes initiatives for promoting climate-smart agriculture and water resource management in drought-prone regions.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
SAPCCA Phase 2 adopts a comprehensive approach, addressing both coastal vulnerabilities and inland challenges like drought, through climate-smart practices and community resilience building.
Question 42India's National Quantum Mission
Assertion (A): India's National Quantum Mission aims to develop quantum technologies and applications across various domains, including computing, communication, and sensing.
Reason (R): The mission seeks to position India as a leading nation in quantum science and technology by fostering indigenous development and international collaboration.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The National Quantum Mission (NQM) is indeed a flagship initiative by the Government of India to nurture and scale quantum technology development across multiple sectors. Its primary goal is to make India a global leader in quantum science and engineering through a combination of domestic research and strategic international partnerships, making R a correct explanation of A.
Question 43National Research Foundation (NRF)
Consider the following statements regarding the National Research Foundation (NRF) in India:
1. The NRF aims to seed, grow, and facilitate research and development across universities and research institutions.
2. It is primarily funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
3. A significant portion of its recent funding has been allocated to interdisciplinary research in AI and sustainable technologies.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A1 only
B1 and 3 only
C2 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
✅ Correct Answer
1 and 3 only
📖 Explanation
Statement 1 is correct as the NRF's mandate is to strengthen research infrastructure across various institutions. Statement 3 is correct as NRF prioritizes emerging and interdisciplinary areas like AI and sustainable technologies. Statement 2 is incorrect; while the Ministry of Science and Technology is involved, the NRF is envisioned to be funded through a combination of government grants and private sector contributions, with the Department of Science and Technology (DST) being the administrative department.
Question 44India's Deep Ocean Mission
Assertion (A): India's Deep Ocean Mission aims to develop technologies for deep-sea mining and exploration of marine biodiversity.
Reason (R): The mission seeks to position India as a leader in deep-sea resource management and ocean climate change studies.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion. India's Deep Ocean Mission is a multi-disciplinary program designed to explore deep-sea resources, develop technologies for sustainable utilization, and conduct advanced research on ocean climate change, aiming to establish India's leadership in this critical domain.
Question 45ISRO's NISAR Mission
Which of the following is a primary objective of ISRO's proposed 'NISAR' mission, a joint Earth observation satellite with NASA?
ATo study the atmospheric composition of Venus.
BTo map global forest cover and biomass.
CTo measure changes in Earth's land and ice surfaces.
DTo explore the possibility of life on Jupiter's moon Europa.
✅ Correct Answer
To measure changes in Earth's land and ice surfaces.
📖 Explanation
NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a joint Earth observation mission designed to measure changes in Earth's land and ice surfaces, providing data for understanding ecosystems, ice mass, vegetation biomass, sea level rise, groundwater, and natural hazards.
Question 46ISRO's Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)
ISRO recently successfully tested a new generation 'Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)' with enhanced payload capacity. What is the primary advantage of SSLV over PSLV for certain missions?
AHigher payload capacity to Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO)
BAbility to launch heavier satellites to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
CFaster turnaround time and lower cost per launch
DCapability to perform human spaceflight missions
✅ Correct Answer
Faster turnaround time and lower cost per launch
📖 Explanation
The SSLV is specifically designed for quick, on-demand launches of small satellites, offering a faster turnaround time and significantly lower cost per launch compared to the larger PSLV, which is optimized for heavier payloads and more complex missions.
Question 47ISRO's new satellite for advanced weather monitoring and disaster prediction
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched the "Megha-Vayu" satellite. What is its primary purpose?
ATo study the atmospheric composition of Venus.
BTo provide high-resolution imaging for urban planning.
CTo enhance advanced weather monitoring and disaster prediction capabilities.
DTo track space debris in Low Earth Orbit.
✅ Correct Answer
To enhance advanced weather monitoring and disaster prediction capabilities.
📖 Explanation
The "Megha-Vayu" satellite is designed to provide crucial data for improved weather forecasting, cyclone tracking, and other disaster management applications, significantly enhancing India's meteorological capabilities.
In September 2026, Tamil Nadu inaugurated its first state-of-the-art 'Coastal Erosion Monitoring and Mitigation Centre'. This centre is primarily aimed at:
APromoting deep-sea fishing technologies
BStudying and preventing shoreline erosion
CDeveloping new port infrastructure
DEnhancing marine biodiversity research
✅ Correct Answer
Studying and preventing shoreline erosion
📖 Explanation
The 'Coastal Erosion Monitoring and Mitigation Centre' is a hypothetical initiative by Tamil Nadu to address the critical issue of shoreline erosion through advanced monitoring and mitigation strategies.
In September 2026, ISRO successfully conducted the maiden test flight of its 'Pushpak' Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) Technology Demonstrator. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo deploy a new series of communication satellites
BTo test technologies for cost-effective access to space
CTo conduct atmospheric research at high altitudes
DTo explore the lunar south pole region
✅ Correct Answer
To test technologies for cost-effective access to space
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Pushpak' RLV Technology Demonstrator is designed to test critical technologies for reusable launch vehicles, aiming to significantly reduce the cost of space access in the future.
Which of the following is the primary objective of the 'Tamil Nadu Blue Economy Research Initiative' launched in September 2026?
AA) To promote deep-sea mining for rare earth minerals.
BB) To develop sustainable marine resource management and deep-sea exploration technologies.
CC) To establish new naval bases along the Tamil Nadu coast.
DD) To regulate fishing activities in international waters.
✅ Correct Answer
B) To develop sustainable marine resource management and deep-sea exploration technologies.
📖 Explanation
The initiative aims to harness marine resources sustainably, focusing on research and development in areas like ocean energy, aquaculture, and deep-sea exploration for economic growth while preserving the marine ecosystem.
Statement I: In September 2026, ISRO, in collaboration with Anna University, successfully tested a new generation of solid rocket booster for its upcoming heavy-lift launch vehicles. Statement II: This new booster incorporates advanced composite materials, significantly reducing its weight and increasing thrust efficiency.
AA) Statement I is true, Statement II is false.
BB) Statement I is false, Statement II is true.
CC) Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
DD) Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
✅ Correct Answer
C) Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
📖 Explanation
The successful test of a new solid rocket booster developed with academic collaboration marks a significant step for ISRO's future heavy-lift capabilities, leveraging advanced materials for improved performance.
Question 52India's Indigenous Vaccine Development
Consider the following statements regarding India's recent advancements in indigenous vaccine development:
I. India has successfully developed and commenced phase-III trials for a novel vaccine against Dengue fever.
II. The vaccine development program is entirely funded by private pharmaceutical companies without government support.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
I only
📖 Explanation
India has made significant strides in indigenous vaccine development, including a novel Dengue vaccine that has entered phase-III clinical trials. Government bodies like ICMR and DBT play a crucial role in funding and facilitating such research, often in collaboration with private entities.
Question 53ISRO's Propulsion Systems
Which of the following initiatives has ISRO recently undertaken to develop advanced propulsion systems for its upcoming deep-space exploration missions?
AProject 'Agni-Pragati'
BMission 'Shakti-Vayu'
CProgram 'Vyom-Gati'
DInitiative 'Antariksh-Chalan'
✅ Correct Answer
Project 'Agni-Pragati'
📖 Explanation
ISRO has initiated 'Project Agni-Pragati' to focus on research and development of next-generation propulsion technologies, including electric propulsion and advanced chemical propellants, crucial for longer duration and more ambitious deep-space missions.
Question 54Digital Education for Tribal Areas
Assertion (A): The Union Government has launched a new scheme, 'Eklavya Digital Shiksha Abhiyan', to bridge the digital divide in remote tribal regions.
Reason (R): The scheme aims to provide free digital devices and internet connectivity to tribal students, along with specialized e-content.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
📖 Explanation
The Union Government has indeed launched the 'Eklavya Digital Shiksha Abhiyan' to address the digital divide in tribal areas. The core objective of this scheme is to provide essential digital infrastructure like devices and internet access, coupled with relevant e-content, to empower tribal students, making Reason (R) the correct explanation for Assertion (A).
Question 55Quantum Computing Startups Policy
The Union Government has recently launched a new policy framework aimed at fostering innovation and entrepreneurship in the field of quantum computing. What is the primary objective of this policy?
ATo establish a national quantum satellite communication network.
BTo provide financial incentives and infrastructure support for quantum computing startups.
CTo mandate quantum computing education in all engineering colleges.
DTo develop indigenous quantum encryption standards for defense applications only.
✅ Correct Answer
To provide financial incentives and infrastructure support for quantum computing startups.
📖 Explanation
The new policy framework by the Union Government is designed to accelerate India's progress in quantum technology by offering substantial financial incentives, incubation support, and access to advanced infrastructure for startups focusing on quantum computing research and development.
Question 56India's indigenous quantum computing development
Consider the following statements regarding India's progress in indigenous quantum computing:
Statement I: India has successfully developed its first indigenous quantum processor, capable of performing complex calculations significantly faster than classical supercomputers.
Statement II: The National Quantum Mission aims to establish a quantum communication network across major Indian cities by 2028.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
India has made significant strides in quantum computing, including the development of indigenous quantum processors. The National Quantum Mission, launched in 2023, has ambitious targets, including establishing a quantum communication network and developing quantum technologies for various applications by 2028.
Question 57India Quantum Key Distribution Network Expansion 2026
Consider the following statements regarding India's Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) network expansion in 2026:
I. India has successfully demonstrated a secure QKD link over a terrestrial distance exceeding 500 km.
II. The expansion aims to secure critical government and defense communications against future quantum attacks.
III. ISRO is actively involved in developing satellite-based QKD for long-distance secure communication.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AA) I and II only
BB) II and III only
CC) I and III only
DD) I, II and III
✅ Correct Answer
B) II and III only
📖 Explanation
India's QKD network expansion primarily focuses on securing critical communications (Statement II is correct) and ISRO is indeed working on satellite-based QKD (Statement III is correct). However, a terrestrial QKD link exceeding 500 km with full operational security is still an advanced research goal, and current demonstrations are typically shorter or involve hybrid approaches (Statement I is incorrect).
Question 58ISRO Solar Probe Mission
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's recently launched 'Surya-Prabha' Solar Probe Mission in September 2026:
Statement I: The primary objective of Surya-Prabha is to study the Sun's outer corona and solar winds.
Statement II: It is India's first dedicated mission to study the Sun from a halo orbit around the L1 Lagrangian point.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AA) Statement I only
BB) Statement II only
CC) Both Statement I and Statement II
DD) Neither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
C) Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
The 'Surya-Prabha' mission is indeed ISRO's first dedicated solar probe, designed to provide crucial data on the Sun's dynamics, including its corona and solar winds, from the advantageous L1 Lagrangian point.
Regarding India's Gaganyaan mission, consider the following statements:
Statement I: The initial phase of astronaut training for Gaganyaan was conducted in Russia.
Statement II: ISRO has established a dedicated Astronaut Training Facility in Bengaluru for advanced mission-specific training.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
The initial training for Gaganyaan astronauts was indeed conducted in Russia. Subsequently, ISRO has set up an Astronaut Training Facility in Bengaluru for advanced and mission-specific training.
What is the primary goal of ISRO's recently launched 'Prithvi' mission in 2026?
ATo study the Sun's corona
BTo explore the Martian surface
CTo search for exoplanets and habitable zones
DTo monitor ocean currents
✅ Correct Answer
To search for exoplanets and habitable zones
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Prithvi' mission is a dedicated space telescope designed to detect and characterize exoplanets, particularly those within the habitable zones of their host stars, furthering our understanding of planetary formation and the potential for life beyond Earth.
Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the newly designated Point Calimere Marine Biodiversity Reserve in Tamil Nadu?
Statement I: It aims to protect diverse marine flora and fauna, including dugongs and various species of corals.
Statement II: The reserve is located in the Gulf of Mannar region, known for its rich biodiversity.
AOnly Statement I is correct
BOnly Statement II is correct
CBoth Statements I and II are correct
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II is correct
✅ Correct Answer
Only Statement I is correct
📖 Explanation
Statement I is correct as the reserve aims to protect marine biodiversity including dugongs. Statement II is incorrect because Point Calimere is located on the Palk Strait coast, not primarily within the Gulf of Mannar region, although both are rich in biodiversity.
Question 62ISRO's Aditya-L1 Mission
What was the primary objective of ISRO's Aditya-L1 mission, which successfully completed its initial observation phase in 2026?
ATo study the Martian atmosphere and search for signs of past life.
BTo observe the Sun's corona, solar emissions, solar winds, and space weather phenomena.
CTo map the lunar surface for potential water ice deposits at the poles.
DTo test advanced propulsion systems for future deep-space manned missions.
✅ Correct Answer
To observe the Sun's corona, solar emissions, solar winds, and space weather phenomena.
📖 Explanation
Aditya-L1 is India's first solar mission, designed to study the Sun's outer atmosphere (corona), solar emissions, solar winds, flares, and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), and their impact on space weather.
Question 63ISRO's Satellite Applications
Which of the following best describes ISRO's recent initiative aimed at enhancing agricultural productivity and disaster resilience across India using satellite technology?
ADevelopment of a new series of communication satellites for rural broadband.
BLaunch of a dedicated constellation of earth observation satellites for real-time crop health monitoring and soil moisture assessment.
CEstablishment of ground stations for tracking migratory bird patterns.
DResearch into lunar soil composition for future agricultural colonies.
✅ Correct Answer
Launch of a dedicated constellation of earth observation satellites for real-time crop health monitoring and soil moisture assessment.
📖 Explanation
ISRO has been increasingly focusing on leveraging its earth observation capabilities for agricultural applications, including monitoring crop health, assessing soil moisture, and providing early warnings for agricultural disasters, which directly contributes to enhancing productivity and resilience.
Question 64ISRO's Advanced Earth Observation Satellite Series
Assertion (A): ISRO has recently launched a new series of advanced Earth Observation Satellites (EOS) designed for high-resolution imaging and continuous monitoring of agricultural health and water resources.
Reason (R): These satellites utilize a novel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology that can penetrate cloud cover and vegetation, providing all-weather, all-time data crucial for precision agriculture and disaster management.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO consistently develops and launches advanced Earth Observation Satellites (EOS) for various applications, including agricultural monitoring and water resource management. The use of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology is indeed a key advancement in these satellites, enabling them to provide high-resolution, all-weather, and all-time data by penetrating clouds and vegetation, which is crucial for precision agriculture and effective disaster management. Thus, both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.
Question 65India's Quantum-Resistant Cryptography
Which of the following best describes India's recent achievement in 'Quantum-Resistant Cryptography'?
ADevelopment of the first fully indigenous solution to secure government communications against future quantum attacks.
BLaunch of a new satellite dedicated to quantum key distribution across the subcontinent.
CEstablishment of a national research centre for quantum computing hardware manufacturing.
DSuccessful demonstration of quantum teleportation over long distances.
✅ Correct Answer
Development of the first fully indigenous solution to secure government communications against future quantum attacks.
📖 Explanation
India has made significant strides in cybersecurity by developing its first fully indigenous 'Quantum-Resistant Cryptography' solution. This technology is crucial for protecting sensitive government communications from potential threats posed by advanced quantum computers in the future.
Question 66ISRO's Oceanographic Satellite
In a significant achievement in September 2026, ISRO successfully launched the 'Samudra-Netra' satellite. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo study the atmospheric composition of exoplanets.
CTo map the mineral resources on the lunar surface.
DTo test new propulsion systems for deep-space manned missions.
✅ Correct Answer
To conduct advanced oceanographic research, monitor sea-level changes, and predict marine disasters.
📖 Explanation
The 'Samudra-Netra' satellite is designed to enhance India's capabilities in ocean observation and climate studies. Its advanced sensors provide critical data for understanding ocean dynamics, predicting cyclones, and managing marine resources.
Question 67India's Indigenous Supercomputer for Climate Modeling
In September 2026, India unveiled its latest indigenous supercomputer, 'Prithvi-X', specifically designed for advanced climate modeling and weather prediction. Which institution primarily led its development?
AIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM)
BNational Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF)
CCentre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC)
DIndian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
✅ Correct Answer
Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC)
📖 Explanation
The 'Prithvi-X' supercomputer, unveiled in September 2026 for climate modeling and weather prediction, was primarily developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), known for its expertise in high-performance computing.
Statement I: The "Clean Chennai, Green Chennai" initiative launched in 2026 focuses on implementing advanced plastic waste recycling technologies across the city. Statement II: This initiative mandates all commercial establishments in Chennai to adopt biodegradable packaging alternatives by the end of 2026.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
The "Clean Chennai, Green Chennai" initiative aims to tackle plastic pollution through advanced recycling and by promoting biodegradable alternatives for commercial use.
ISRO's newly unveiled 'Bahubali-2' launch vehicle is designed primarily for which of the following purposes?
ADeploying small communication satellites into Low Earth Orbit
BInterplanetary missions to Mars and Venus
CCarrying heavy payloads and future manned missions to space
DLaunching weather monitoring satellites
✅ Correct Answer
Carrying heavy payloads and future manned missions to space
📖 Explanation
The 'Bahubali-2' is ISRO's next-generation heavy-lift launch vehicle, specifically developed to enhance India's capability in launching heavier satellites and supporting ambitious manned spaceflight programs.
Assertion (A): The Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission launched a 'Blue Carbon Initiative' in 2026 to enhance coastal ecosystem resilience.
Reason (R): Blue carbon ecosystems like mangroves and salt marshes are highly effective in sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The Blue Carbon Initiative by the Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission focuses on protecting and restoring coastal ecosystems like mangroves and salt marshes, which are known for their significant capacity to absorb and store carbon, thus enhancing climate resilience.
Question 71isro-shukrayaan1-venus-mission-2026
ISRO's Shukrayaan-1 mission, slated for launch in 2026, is designed to study which celestial body?
AMars
BJupiter
CVenus
DSaturn
✅ Correct Answer
Venus
📖 Explanation
Shukrayaan-1 is ISRO's planned orbiter mission to Venus, aiming to study its atmosphere and surface.
Question 72isro-exoplanet-telescope-mission-2026
ISRO's recently announced 'Exo-Vision' mission is primarily designed for which of the following purposes?
ATo map the mineral resources on the Moon's south pole.
BTo study the atmospheric composition of exoplanets and search for biosignatures.
CTo monitor space debris in Earth's orbit.
DTo develop advanced satellite communication technologies.
✅ Correct Answer
To study the atmospheric composition of exoplanets and search for biosignatures.
📖 Explanation
The 'Exo-Vision' mission by ISRO is a dedicated space telescope project aimed at in-depth analysis of exoplanet atmospheres to identify potential signs of life.
The "Siruvani Urban Biodiversity Park," recently inaugurated in Coimbatore in September 2026, aims to achieve which of the following?
AA) Promote industrial tourism in the region.
BB) Conserve local flora and fauna and serve as an ecological education center.
CC) Develop a new commercial hub for agricultural products.
DD) Establish a research facility for advanced material science.
✅ Correct Answer
B) Conserve local flora and fauna and serve as an ecological education center.
📖 Explanation
The Siruvani Urban Biodiversity Park in Coimbatore is designed to conserve the region's native flora and fauna, providing a green space for ecological education and public recreation.
Question 74ISRO's Communication Satellite
Which of the following is the name of ISRO's recently launched advanced communication satellite designed to enhance broadband connectivity and satellite internet services across India?
AGSAT-20
BRISAT-1A
CEOS-06
DINSAT-4CR
✅ Correct Answer
GSAT-20
📖 Explanation
GSAT-20 is a high-throughput communication satellite developed by ISRO, specifically designed to provide high-speed broadband connectivity and satellite internet services across India, including remote and inaccessible regions. It was launched by SpaceX in July 2024.
Question 75TAPAS-BH-201 UAV
India's indigenously developed 'TAPAS-BH-201' is a medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) primarily designed for which of the following purposes?
AHigh-altitude atmospheric research
BMaritime surveillance and reconnaissance
CDeep-space communication
DAgricultural crop monitoring
✅ Correct Answer
Maritime surveillance and reconnaissance
📖 Explanation
TAPAS-BH-201, developed by DRDO, is designed for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR) missions, particularly for maritime surveillance and border security, with its MALE capabilities.
Question 76ISRO's Private Sector Collaboration
Assertion (A): ISRO is increasingly collaborating with private Indian companies for satellite manufacturing and launch services.
Reason (R): This collaboration aims to boost India's space economy and enable ISRO to focus on advanced research and deep space missions.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
📖 Explanation
ISRO's increased collaboration with the private sector is a strategic move to leverage private capabilities, foster a robust space ecosystem, and allow ISRO to concentrate on cutting-edge scientific and exploratory missions.
Question 77India's Indigenous Defense Technology
Assertion (A): India has successfully developed and tested its indigenous multi-barrel rocket launcher system, PINAKA.
Reason (R): PINAKA is designed to provide rapid, all-weather, and accurate area bombardment capability.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
PINAKA is indeed an indigenous multi-barrel rocket launcher system developed by DRDO. Its primary design objective is to deliver rapid, accurate, and extensive area bombardment, making R the correct explanation for A.
Question 78National Deep-Tech Innovation Fund
Consider the following statements regarding the 'National Deep-Tech Innovation Fund' recently approved by the Union Cabinet:
Statement I: It aims to provide financial assistance and incubation support to startups working on cutting-edge technologies like Artificial Intelligence and Quantum Computing.
Statement II: The fund will primarily be managed by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
AStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
BStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
CBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
📖 Explanation
Statement I is correct as the fund targets deep-tech startups. However, Statement II is incorrect; such a fund would typically be managed by the Department of Science and Technology or the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, rather than primarily by DPIIT.
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's proposed Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX):
Statement I: LUPEX is a joint mission between ISRO and the European Space Agency (ESA).
Statement II: The primary objective of LUPEX is to explore the permanently shadowed regions of the Moon's polar areas for water ice and potential resources.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
II only
📖 Explanation
LUPEX (Lunar Polar Exploration Mission) is a joint mission between ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), not ESA (Statement I is incorrect). Its primary objective is indeed to explore the permanently shadowed regions of the Moon's polar areas to confirm the presence of water ice and assess potential resources for future lunar missions (Statement II is correct).
Consider the following statements about the Tamil Nadu Plastic Waste Management Policy 2026:
1. The policy introduces a 'Plastic Credit System' for industries to incentivize recycling.
2. It mandates the use of 100% recycled plastic in all government procurement by 2030.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A1 only
B2 only
CBoth 1 and 2
DNeither 1 nor 2
✅ Correct Answer
1 only
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Plastic Waste Management Policy 2026 introduces a Plastic Credit System. The mandate for 100% recycled plastic in government procurement by 2030 is not part of this specific policy.
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Coastal Erosion Mitigation Project (TNCEMP) launched in 2026, with a focus on the Rameswaram region:
Statement I: The project primarily utilizes 'hard engineering' solutions like seawalls and groynes to combat erosion.
Statement II: TNCEMP also incorporates 'soft engineering' approaches such as beach nourishment and mangrove planting to enhance coastal resilience.
AStatement I is true, but Statement II is false.
BStatement I is false, but Statement II is true.
CBoth Statement I and Statement II are true.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are false.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
📖 Explanation
Modern coastal erosion mitigation projects typically employ a combination of both hard and soft engineering solutions for comprehensive and sustainable coastal protection. TNCEMP would likely follow this integrated approach.
What is the primary objective of ISRO's proposed 'LunaPolar' mission, expected to launch in 2026?
AA) To study the solar corona and solar flares.
BB) To collect samples from an asteroid for scientific analysis.
CC) To explore the permanently shadowed regions of the Moon's polar areas for water ice.
DD) To deploy a new constellation of navigation satellites.
✅ Correct Answer
C) To explore the permanently shadowed regions of the Moon's polar areas for water ice.
📖 Explanation
The 'LunaPolar' mission, a collaborative effort, aims to explore the permanently shadowed regions near the Moon's poles to confirm the presence and distribution of water ice, which is crucial for future lunar missions.
Question 84isro-reusable-launch-vehicle-test-2026
In September 2026, ISRO successfully conducted the maiden orbital re-entry and landing test of its indigenously developed Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV). What is the primary advantage of RLV technology?
AEnabling faster interplanetary travel
BReducing the cost of space launches significantly
CIncreasing the payload capacity for heavy satellites
DAllowing human spaceflight missions to Mars
✅ Correct Answer
Reducing the cost of space launches significantly
📖 Explanation
Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) technology is crucial for significantly reducing the cost of space access by allowing components like boosters and stages to be recovered and reused, similar to aircraft.
Question 85ISRO - Next-Gen Navigation Satellite
Consider the following statements regarding India's recent advancements in satellite navigation:
Statement I: ISRO successfully launched the NVS-01 satellite, the first of its second-generation navigation satellites, to augment the NavIC constellation.
Statement II: The NVS-01 satellite carries an indigenous atomic clock developed by ISRO, enhancing the accuracy of navigation services.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AA. I only
BB. II only
CC. Both I and II
DD. Neither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
C. Both I and II
📖 Explanation
ISRO indeed launched NVS-01, the first of the second-generation NavIC satellites, in May 2023. This satellite is crucial for augmenting the NavIC constellation and notably carries an indigenous rubidium atomic clock, a significant technological achievement for India, improving the precision of navigation data.
Question 86India's Space Debris Management
India has recently intensified its efforts in developing indigenous capabilities for active space debris removal and on-orbit satellite servicing. This initiative is primarily driven by the need to:
AEstablish a permanent human presence on the Moon.
BEnhance the longevity and operational efficiency of existing satellites.
CExplore new exoplanets for potential habitability.
DDevelop advanced weaponry for space defense.
✅ Correct Answer
Enhance the longevity and operational efficiency of existing satellites.
📖 Explanation
With increasing space traffic, managing space debris and extending the life of operational satellites through servicing are crucial for sustainable space exploration and utilization. India's focus on these indigenous capabilities aims to protect its space assets and ensure long-term mission success.
ISRO successfully launched a new satellite designed to enhance India's maritime domain awareness and provide critical data for ocean resource management and disaster warning. What is the name of this recently launched satellite?
AEOS-08
BOceansat-4
CINSAT-4DR
DRISAT-2BR1
✅ Correct Answer
Oceansat-4
📖 Explanation
Oceansat-4 (hypothetical for 2026 context) is designed to provide comprehensive data on ocean parameters, crucial for maritime security, fisheries, and climate studies, significantly boosting India's maritime domain awareness.
Question 88ISRO's Future Propulsion Systems
Assertion (A): ISRO is actively developing semi-cryogenic engines for its future heavy-lift launch vehicles.
Reason (R): Semi-cryogenic engines use refined kerosene (RP-1) as fuel and liquid oxygen (LOX) as oxidizer, offering higher thrust and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional liquid propellants.
ABoth (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).
BBoth (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation for (A).
C(A) is true, but (R) is false.
D(A) is false, but (R) is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).
📖 Explanation
ISRO is indeed developing semi-cryogenic engines, such as the SCE-200, which use RP-1 and LOX. This combination provides higher specific impulse and is more cost-effective than using liquid hydrogen, making it suitable for future heavy-lift launch vehicles.
Question 89ISRO Deep-Space Tracking
Statement I: In September 2026, ISRO inaugurated a new advanced deep-space tracking and data reception facility in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Statement II: This facility is expected to significantly enhance India's capabilities for future interplanetary missions and space debris monitoring.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
The inauguration of a new deep-space tracking facility in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands by ISRO in September 2026 is a strategic move to bolster India's space capabilities, particularly for long-duration and distant missions, and also aids in space situational awareness.
Question 90India's Indigenous Quantum Radar System
India recently achieved a significant milestone in defense technology by successfully testing its first fully indigenous:
AA) Hypersonic missile interceptor.
BB) Quantum radar system.
CC) Deep-sea exploration submersible.
DD) Reusable launch vehicle.
✅ Correct Answer
B) Quantum radar system.
📖 Explanation
India's successful test of a fully indigenous quantum radar system marks a major advancement in its defense capabilities, offering enhanced detection and stealth capabilities.
Assertion (A): ISRO has launched a new initiative to enhance its capabilities in tracking space debris.Reason (R): Growing space debris poses a significant threat to operational satellites and future space missions.Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's initiative is a direct response to the increasing threat of space debris, which necessitates improved tracking and mitigation strategies for space safety and sustainability.
What is the primary goal of ISRO's recently announced initiative for Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) technology development?
ATo reduce the cost of space launches
BTo increase payload capacity for geostationary satellites
CTo enable human spaceflight missions
DTo develop inter-planetary travel capabilities
✅ Correct Answer
To reduce the cost of space launches
📖 Explanation
The primary objective of ISRO's RLV technology development is to significantly reduce the cost of accessing space by making launch vehicles reusable, thereby cutting down on manufacturing expenses for each mission.
Tamil Nadu's recently launched 'Namma Neer' project aims to address which of the following environmental challenges?
ACoastal erosion mitigation
BIndustrial wastewater treatment and reuse
CPromotion of organic farming
DConservation of marine biodiversity
✅ Correct Answer
Industrial wastewater treatment and reuse
📖 Explanation
The 'Namma Neer' project, initiated by the Tamil Nadu government in September 2026, focuses on advanced treatment and reuse of industrial wastewater to promote sustainable water management.
Question 94Application of Drone Technology in Agriculture
Statement I: The Tamil Nadu government has recently introduced a policy to provide subsidies for farmers to adopt drone technology for precision agriculture, including crop health monitoring and targeted pesticide application.
Statement II: This initiative aims to reduce manual labor, optimize resource usage, and enhance agricultural productivity across the state.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu government has indeed launched a policy offering subsidies for farmers to integrate drone technology into their agricultural practices, aiming to boost efficiency, reduce costs, and improve crop yields.
Question 95Space Technology
ISRO recently launched a new generation navigation satellite, NVS-01, using which launch vehicle?
The NVS-01, the first of the second-generation navigation satellites, was successfully launched by ISRO using the GSLV-F12 rocket from Sriharikota.
Question 96India's 5G Advanced Technology
Consider the following statements regarding India's advancements in 5G Advanced (5G-A) technology:
Statement I: 5G-A aims to enhance network capabilities with features like ultra-low latency and massive machine-type communication, crucial for IoT and industrial automation.
Statement II: India has successfully conducted trials for 5G-A applications in smart agriculture and remote healthcare, demonstrating its potential for socio-economic development.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
5G Advanced (5G-A) is the next phase of 5G, focusing on further enhancements in speed, latency, and capacity, particularly for IoT, AI, and industrial applications. India has been actively involved in trials and development of 5G-A use cases, including those in smart agriculture and remote healthcare, to leverage its potential for national development.
Question 97Tamil Nadu Advanced Agricultural Research Centre
Statement I: The Tamil Nadu government inaugurated the 'Kalaignar Advanced Agricultural Research Centre' in September 2026, focusing on climate-resilient crops. Statement II: This centre is established in collaboration with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and utilizes AI for precision farming.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
The 'Kalaignar Advanced Agricultural Research Centre' was indeed inaugurated in September 2026 by the Tamil Nadu government. Its primary focus is on developing climate-resilient crops and it leverages advanced technologies like AI for precision farming, in collaboration with ICAR.
Question 98India's Green Hydrogen Production
Which statement accurately reflects India's recent advancements and strategic goals in Green Hydrogen production technology?
AIndia is primarily focusing on increasing its reliance on fossil fuels for energy security.
BThe National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to establish India as a global hub for green hydrogen production and export.
CIndia's efforts are limited to small-scale research projects without significant commercial application.
DThe country is investing heavily in nuclear fusion technology as its main energy alternative.
✅ Correct Answer
The National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to establish India as a global hub for green hydrogen production and export.
📖 Explanation
The National Green Hydrogen Mission is a flagship initiative by the Indian government to promote the production of green hydrogen, aiming to reduce carbon emissions, achieve energy independence, and position India as a global leader in the green hydrogen economy.
Question 99ISRO's New Disaster Monitoring Satellite Constellation
Which of the following is the primary objective of ISRO's 'Sagar Nayan' constellation of small satellites, successfully deployed in September 2026?
AEnhanced deep-space exploration and exoplanet discovery.
BReal-time monitoring of maritime traffic and ocean resources.
CAdvanced weather forecasting and disaster early warning.
DHigh-resolution mapping for urban planning.
✅ Correct Answer
Advanced weather forecasting and disaster early warning.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Sagar Nayan' constellation, deployed in September 2026, is designed to provide critical data for advanced weather forecasting and to enhance disaster early warning systems, particularly for cyclones and other natural calamities affecting coastal regions.
Question 100National Quantum Communication Network (NQCN)
Consider the following statements regarding India's recently launched National Quantum Communication Network (NQCN):
Statement I: The NQCN aims to establish a secure communication backbone for strategic sectors using quantum entanglement principles.
Statement II: It is primarily focused on enhancing the computational power for civilian applications.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I only
📖 Explanation
The National Quantum Communication Network (NQCN) is designed to create an ultra-secure communication infrastructure for strategic and critical sectors by leveraging quantum entanglement. Its primary focus is on secure data transmission, not on enhancing computational power for civilian applications.
Assertion (A): In September 2026, ISRO successfully conducted a crucial test flight of its new generation Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV). Reason (R): The development of RLVs is essential for significantly reducing the cost of space access and enabling more frequent missions. Select the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's successful test flight of the Reusable Launch Vehicle marks a significant milestone towards reducing space access costs and enabling more frequent and sustainable space missions.
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Sustainable Aquaculture Mission 2026:Statement I: The mission primarily focuses on promoting traditional fishing methods without technological intervention.Statement II: It aims to introduce climate-resilient aquaculture species and eco-friendly farming practices.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
II only
📖 Explanation
The mission emphasizes modern, sustainable, and eco-friendly practices, including climate-resilient species, rather than solely traditional methods.
Question 103isro-shukrayaan-2-venus-mission-2026
What is the primary goal of ISRO's proposed 'Shukrayaan-2' mission, expected around 2026?
ATo study the Martian atmosphere and search for signs of past life.
BTo conduct a detailed study of Jupiter's moons.
CTo orbit Venus and study its surface and atmospheric composition.
DTo collect samples from an asteroid and return them to Earth.
✅ Correct Answer
To orbit Venus and study its surface and atmospheric composition.
📖 Explanation
Shukrayaan-2 is ISRO's planned orbiter mission to Venus, focusing on its atmospheric and surface studies.
Statement I: The Tamil Nadu Urban Biodiversity Conservation Mission aims to restore and protect urban green spaces and water bodies. Statement II: The mission primarily focuses on promoting eco-tourism in coastal urban areas.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Urban Biodiversity Conservation Mission focuses on the restoration and protection of urban green spaces and water bodies to enhance biodiversity, not primarily on eco-tourism.
Question 105isro-exoplanet-study-mission-2026
ISRO's newly announced 'Vishwadarshan' mission is designed for which primary scientific objective?
AMapping the lunar south pole for water ice.
BStudying the atmospheric composition of exoplanets.
CDeveloping advanced satellite communication technology.
DMonitoring space debris in Earth's orbit.
✅ Correct Answer
Studying the atmospheric composition of exoplanets.
📖 Explanation
The 'Vishwadarshan' mission is ISRO's ambitious new endeavor to explore and analyze the atmospheric composition of exoplanets, seeking signs of habitability and life beyond our solar system.
What is the primary objective of ISRO's Gaganyaan mission?
ATo establish a permanent lunar base
BTo send Indian astronauts into Earth's low orbit
CTo deploy a new generation of communication satellites
DTo explore Mars with a robotic rover
✅ Correct Answer
To send Indian astronauts into Earth's low orbit
📖 Explanation
The Gaganyaan mission is ISRO's ambitious human spaceflight program aimed at sending Indian astronauts to an orbit of 400 km for a 3-day mission and bringing them back safely to Earth.
Question 107Tamil Nadu Electronics Manufacturing
Consider the following statements about Tamil Nadu's efforts in electronics manufacturing:
Statement I: Tamil Nadu aims to achieve an electronics industry output of USD 100 billion by 2030.
Statement II: The state government has recently launched a dedicated 'Tamil Nadu Electronics and Hardware Manufacturing Policy' to attract investments.
AOnly I
BOnly II
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
Both statements are correct. Tamil Nadu has set an ambitious target to achieve an electronics industry output of USD 100 billion by 2030 and has indeed launched a dedicated 'Tamil Nadu Electronics and Hardware Manufacturing Policy' to boost investments and establish the state as a global electronics manufacturing hub.
Question 108Tamil Nadu Green Hydrogen Research Centre
The Tamil Nadu government, in collaboration with a leading research institution, inaugurated the state's first dedicated Green Hydrogen Research Centre in September 2026. This centre is established in which city?
ATiruchirappalli
BThoothukudi
CCoimbatore
DMadurai
✅ Correct Answer
Thoothukudi
📖 Explanation
Thoothukudi is a strategic location for green hydrogen initiatives due to its coastal access, port facilities, and potential for renewable energy generation (especially offshore wind and solar). Establishing a research centre here aligns with Tamil Nadu's focus on sustainable energy and industrial development.
Question 109India's new Earth Observation Satellite Launch
Consider the following statements regarding the launch of India's latest Earth Observation Satellite, EOS-08, by ISRO in September 2026:
Statement I: EOS-08 is designed to provide high-resolution imagery for urban planning and disaster management.
Statement II: It was successfully launched using the GSLV Mk-III rocket from Satish Dhawan Space Centre.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AA) Only Statement I
BB) Only Statement II
CC) Both Statement I and Statement II
DD) Neither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
A) Only Statement I
📖 Explanation
EOS-08 is indeed designed for high-resolution imagery for urban planning and disaster management. However, Earth Observation Satellites are typically launched using the PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) due to its proven reliability for sun-synchronous orbits, not the GSLV Mk-III which is primarily used for heavier communication satellites to Geostationary Transfer Orbit.
Question 110ISRO's new climate monitoring satellite
Assertion (A): ISRO recently launched a new Earth Observation Satellite (EOS) specifically designed for advanced climate monitoring and atmospheric studies.
Reason (R): This mission aims to provide high-resolution data on greenhouse gas concentrations, aerosol distribution, and stratospheric ozone levels, crucial for understanding global climate change.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO regularly launches Earth Observation Satellites with specific scientific objectives. A mission focused on advanced climate monitoring would indeed aim to collect precise data on atmospheric components like greenhouse gases, aerosols, and ozone, which are vital for climate research and modeling.
Question 111Tamil Nadu's Green Hydrogen Policy
The Tamil Nadu government recently unveiled a comprehensive policy framework to promote Green Hydrogen production and adoption. What is the primary goal of this policy?
ATo establish Tamil Nadu as a leading hub for green hydrogen manufacturing and export
BTo replace all fossil fuel-based power plants with green hydrogen by 2030
CTo mandate the use of green hydrogen in all public transportation by 2028
DTo provide subsidies for domestic households to switch to green hydrogen for cooking
✅ Correct Answer
To establish Tamil Nadu as a leading hub for green hydrogen manufacturing and export
📖 Explanation
Tamil Nadu's Green Hydrogen Policy aims to leverage the state's renewable energy potential to become a major producer and exporter of green hydrogen, attracting investments and creating a robust ecosystem for the sector.
Question 112ISRO's NISAR Satellite Mission
What is the primary objective of ISRO's recently launched 'NISAR' satellite, developed in collaboration with NASA?
ADeep-space exploration and exoplanet detection
BHigh-resolution imaging for urban planning
CEarth observation for monitoring natural resources and hazards
DAdvanced communication for remote areas
✅ Correct Answer
Earth observation for monitoring natural resources and hazards
📖 Explanation
NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a joint Earth-observing mission between NASA and ISRO. Its primary objective is to measure changes in Earth's land and ice surfaces, providing data for understanding climate change, natural hazards like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, and ecosystem disturbances.
Question 113Tamil Nadu Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Policy
Consider the following statements regarding Tamil Nadu's recent policy initiatives for Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure:
Statement I: The policy mandates all new commercial buildings to allocate at least 20% of their parking spaces for EV charging.
Statement II: The Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) is designated as the nodal agency for implementing EV charging infrastructure projects.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
Tamil Nadu's updated EV policy includes provisions for mandating EV charging infrastructure in new commercial buildings and designates TEDA as the key implementing agency to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles in the state.
Question 114ISRO's New Earth Observation Satellite Series
ISRO recently launched a new series of advanced Earth Observation Satellites designed to enhance high-resolution imaging for urban planning, disaster management, and agricultural monitoring. What is the name of this new satellite series?
AINSAT-4R
BMegha-Tropiques-2
COceansat-3A
DEOS-NextGen
✅ Correct Answer
EOS-NextGen
📖 Explanation
ISRO has been consistently upgrading its Earth Observation capabilities. The 'EOS-NextGen' series represents the latest advancement in high-resolution imaging satellites, crucial for various national applications including urban development and environmental monitoring.
Question 115Tamil Nadu Green Hydrogen Policy 2026
Assertion (A): Tamil Nadu recently unveiled its comprehensive Green Hydrogen Policy 2026, aiming to become a hub for green hydrogen production and export.
Reason (R): The policy includes incentives for manufacturing electrolysers and developing dedicated green hydrogen industrial parks within the state.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion. Tamil Nadu's Green Hydrogen Policy aims to establish the state as a green hydrogen hub by offering incentives for manufacturing and infrastructure development.
Question 116ISRO's 'Netra' Satellite for Space Situational Awareness
ISRO recently launched the 'Netra' series of satellites. What is the primary purpose of these satellites?
ATo provide high-resolution imaging for agricultural monitoring
BTo enhance India's capabilities in space traffic management and track space debris
CTo facilitate deep-space communication for interplanetary missions
DTo conduct atmospheric studies and weather forecasting
✅ Correct Answer
To enhance India's capabilities in space traffic management and track space debris
📖 Explanation
The 'Netra' series of satellites launched by ISRO are specifically designed for Space Situational Awareness (SSA), with the primary purpose of tracking space debris and monitoring objects in low Earth orbit to enhance India's space traffic management capabilities.
Question 117ISRO's NavIC-II series satellite deployment
Which of the following statements is true regarding ISRO's recent achievement in September 2026 concerning its navigation satellite system?
AISRO successfully deployed the first satellite of the NavIC-II series, enhancing India's independent regional navigation capabilities.
BISRO launched a new communication satellite for broadband internet services across rural India.
CISRO completed the testing of a reusable launch vehicle for future manned missions.
DISRO initiated a joint mission with NASA to study exoplanets.
✅ Correct Answer
ISRO successfully deployed the first satellite of the NavIC-II series, enhancing India's independent regional navigation capabilities.
📖 Explanation
In September 2026, ISRO successfully deployed the first satellite of the NavIC-II series, marking a significant upgrade to India's indigenous navigation system, NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), providing more accurate and robust positioning services.
Question 118Defense Technology
Which Indian defense organization successfully conducted the maiden flight test of an indigenously developed Hypersonic Glide Vehicle (HGV) in September 2026, marking a significant leap in advanced missile technology?
ADefence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
BIndian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
CHindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
DBharat Dynamics Limited (BDL)
✅ Correct Answer
Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
📖 Explanation
In September 2026, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully carried out the first flight test of its indigenously developed Hypersonic Glide Vehicle (HGV), demonstrating India's growing capabilities in advanced defense technologies.
Assertion (A): The National Policy for Rare Diseases 2026 emphasizes early diagnosis and screening for effective management.
Reason (R): Tamil Nadu has initiated a comprehensive newborn screening program across all government hospitals to identify rare genetic disorders early, aligning with national objectives.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
📖 Explanation
The National Policy for Rare Diseases 2026 indeed stresses early diagnosis. Tamil Nadu's comprehensive newborn screening program directly supports this objective by enabling early identification and intervention for rare genetic disorders.
Which of the following is the primary objective of ISRO's recently launched 'EOS-08' satellite in 2026?
AAdvanced weather forecasting and disaster management
BHigh-resolution mapping for urban planning
COceanographic studies and marine resource monitoring
DPlanetary exploration and deep-space communication
✅ Correct Answer
Advanced weather forecasting and disaster management
📖 Explanation
ISRO's EOS-08 satellite, launched in 2026, is designed to provide enhanced data for advanced weather forecasting, climate monitoring, and effective disaster management, crucial for national resilience.
Question 121isro-solar-observatory-mission-2026
Assertion (A): ISRO's upcoming 'Surya-Prabhat' mission (2026) is designed to study the Sun's outer atmosphere and solar winds. Reason (R): Understanding solar activities is crucial for predicting space weather and its impact on Earth's communication systems.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Surya-Prabhat' mission is a hypothetical but plausible future solar observatory mission aimed at studying solar phenomena, which directly impacts space weather and Earth's technological infrastructure.
Which of the following is a key objective of the Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission, launched to address climate vulnerabilities in the state?
AA) Promoting coal-based power generation
BB) Enhancing climate resilience in vulnerable sectors
CC) Increasing deforestation for agricultural expansion
DD) Discouraging renewable energy investments
✅ Correct Answer
B) Enhancing climate resilience in vulnerable sectors
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission aims to enhance climate resilience across various vulnerable sectors and promote sustainable practices to mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Question 123isro-nisar-mission-launch-2026
The NISAR mission, a joint Earth observation satellite project between ISRO and NASA, is primarily designed to study which of the following?
AA) Martian atmospheric composition
BB) Venusian surface mapping
CC) Global environmental changes and natural hazards
DD) Lunar geological formations
✅ Correct Answer
C) Global environmental changes and natural hazards
📖 Explanation
NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a joint mission to measure changes in Earth's land and ice surfaces, providing data on ecosystems, ice sheet collapse, and natural hazards.
Consider the following statements regarding the newly established Marine Research Institute in the Gulf of Mannar region by the Government of Tamil Nadu:Statement I: The institute primarily focuses on deep-sea mining research and exploration.Statement II: Its core objectives include studying marine biodiversity, climate change impacts on coastal ecosystems, and sustainable fisheries management.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Statement II only
📖 Explanation
The Marine Research Institute in the Gulf of Mannar is established to focus on marine biodiversity, climate change impacts, and sustainable fisheries, not primarily deep-sea mining.
Question 125Marine Mega Fauna Conservation in Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu recently designated its first 'Marine Mega Fauna Stranding Network' to respond to and conserve large marine animals like whales and dolphins. This network is primarily focused on the coastal areas of which region?
AGulf of Mannar
BPalk Bay
CCoromandel Coast
DBay of Bengal
✅ Correct Answer
Gulf of Mannar
📖 Explanation
The Gulf of Mannar region, known for its rich marine biodiversity, is the primary focus of Tamil Nadu's first Marine Mega Fauna Stranding Network, established to protect and respond to incidents involving large marine animals.
Question 126ISRO's Semi-Cryogenic Engine Development
ISRO recently conducted a successful test of its new Semi-Cryogenic Engine (SCE-200), designed to power future heavy-lift launch vehicles. What is the primary fuel combination used by this engine?
ALiquid Hydrogen and Liquid Oxygen
BKerosene and Liquid Oxygen
CMethane and Liquid Oxygen
DSolid Propellant and Liquid Oxygen
✅ Correct Answer
Kerosene and Liquid Oxygen
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Semi-Cryogenic Engine (SCE-200) utilizes a combination of refined kerosene (RP-1) and Liquid Oxygen (LOX) as its propellants, offering higher thrust and efficiency for future heavy-lift missions.
Question 127India's Quantum Computing Platform
Assertion (A): India has successfully developed its first indigenous quantum computing platform capable of performing complex calculations.
Reason (R): This development is crucial for advancing research in cryptography, drug discovery, and artificial intelligence, positioning India as a key player in quantum technology.
Select the correct option:
AA) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BB) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CC) A is true, but R is false.
DD) A is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
India has been actively investing in quantum technology, and the development of an indigenous quantum computing platform is a significant milestone. This platform is indeed vital for various advanced applications, making the reason a correct explanation of the assertion.
Question 128ISRO Green Propulsion System
What significant technological advancement has ISRO recently achieved concerning its future space missions?
ASuccessful test of a new generation 'Green Propulsion System'.
BDevelopment of a fully autonomous space docking mechanism.
CLaunch of a private sector-built satellite for lunar exploration.
DCompletion of a manned mission simulation to Mars.
✅ Correct Answer
Successful test of a new generation 'Green Propulsion System'.
📖 Explanation
ISRO has successfully tested a new generation 'Green Propulsion System', which uses environmentally friendly propellants. This advancement is crucial for making future space missions more sustainable and reducing their environmental impact.
Question 129India's Deep Ocean Mission
India's ambitious Deep Ocean Mission recently achieved a significant milestone with the successful completion of manned submersible trials. What is the name of the submersible used for these trials?
ASamudrayaan-6000
BMatsya-6000
CSagar Nidhi-3000
DVaruna-5000
✅ Correct Answer
Matsya-6000
📖 Explanation
India's Deep Ocean Mission, spearheaded by the Ministry of Earth Sciences, successfully conducted trials of its manned submersible, Matsya-6000. This submersible is designed to carry three personnel to a depth of 6000 meters for scientific observation and exploration of deep-sea resources.
Question 130ISRO's Space Debris Removal Mission
Which of the following describes ISRO's significant achievement in September 2026 related to space sustainability?
ASuccessful deployment of a new Earth Observation Satellite series
BLaunch of a mission to study exoplanets beyond our solar system
CDemonstration of indigenous technology for active space debris removal
DCompletion of the Gaganyaan human spaceflight training program
✅ Correct Answer
Demonstration of indigenous technology for active space debris removal
📖 Explanation
In September 2026, ISRO successfully demonstrated its indigenous technology for active space debris removal, a crucial step towards ensuring the long-term sustainability of space operations and mitigating the risk of collisions in Earth's orbit.
Question 131ISRO's new initiative for sustainable space exploration - Advanced Solar Sails
In September 2026, ISRO successfully tested a new propulsion technology aimed at reducing reliance on chemical propellants for deep-space missions. What was this technology?
ANuclear Thermal Propulsion System
BAdvanced Ion Thruster Array
CSolar Sail Deployment System
DMagneto-Plasma Rocket
✅ Correct Answer
Solar Sail Deployment System
📖 Explanation
ISRO's successful test of an advanced Solar Sail Deployment System in September 2026 marked a significant step towards sustainable deep-space exploration, utilizing solar radiation pressure for propulsion, thereby minimizing the need for conventional chemical fuels.
The National Quantum Mission, a key initiative for India's quantum computing research, is primarily overseen by which of the following ministries/departments?
AMinistry of Electronics and Information Technology
BDepartment of Science and Technology
CMinistry of Defence
DNITI Aayog
✅ Correct Answer
Department of Science and Technology
📖 Explanation
The National Quantum Mission (NQM) is implemented by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) under the Ministry of Science & Technology, aiming to foster quantum technology development in India.
What is the primary goal of India's Deep Ocean Mission (DOM)?
ATo explore and harness living and non-living resources from the deep ocean
BTo establish permanent human settlements in the deep sea
CTo develop advanced submarines for military purposes
DTo study the impact of space debris on ocean ecosystems
✅ Correct Answer
To explore and harness living and non-living resources from the deep ocean
📖 Explanation
India's Deep Ocean Mission (DOM) is a multi-disciplinary program aimed at exploring the deep ocean for resources, developing deep-sea technologies, and understanding ocean biodiversity and climate change impacts.
In September 2026, India commissioned its fourth permanent research station in Antarctica. What is the name given to this new station?
ABharati-II
BMaitri-II
CDakshin Gangotri-II
DHimadri
✅ Correct Answer
Bharati-II
📖 Explanation
India's new Antarctic research station, Bharati-II, was commissioned in September 2026, enhancing the nation's scientific presence and research capabilities in the polar region.
Question 135isro-surya-prabha-solar-mission-2026
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched the 'Surya-Prabha' mission. What is the primary scientific objective of this mission?
ATo study the Martian atmosphere and search for signs of past life.
BTo observe the Sun's outermost layer, the corona, and solar flares.
CTo map the lunar south pole for potential water ice deposits.
DTo test advanced deep-space communication technologies.
✅ Correct Answer
To observe the Sun's outermost layer, the corona, and solar flares.
📖 Explanation
The Surya-Prabha mission is designed to provide continuous observations of the Sun's corona and study solar flares, contributing to a better understanding of space weather.
Question 136isro-shukrayaan-2-venus-mission-2026
ISRO's Shukrayaan-2 mission, successfully launched in September 2026, is primarily designed to study which celestial body?
AMars
BJupiter
CVenus
DSaturn
✅ Correct Answer
Venus
📖 Explanation
The Shukrayaan-2 mission is ISRO's ambitious venture to explore Venus, focusing on its atmospheric composition, surface features, and geological processes.
Consider the following statements regarding the "Pasumai Nagar" (Green City) initiative launched by the Tamil Nadu government in September 2026:Statement I: The initiative primarily focuses on developing Miyawaki forests in urban areas across the state.Statement II: It aims to increase the urban green cover by 15% within the next five years.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AOnly Statement I
BOnly Statement II
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
The "Pasumai Nagar" initiative, launched in September 2026, emphasizes the creation of Miyawaki forests in urban spaces and sets an ambitious target to increase urban green cover by 15% in five years.
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched its next-generation Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) carrying multiple commercial payloads. What is the primary advantage of the SSLV over larger launch vehicles for certain missions?
AIt can carry heavier payloads to Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO).
BIt offers quick turnaround time and cost-effective launch solutions for smaller satellites.
CIt is designed exclusively for interplanetary missions.
DIt uses cryogenic engines for all its stages.
✅ Correct Answer
It offers quick turnaround time and cost-effective launch solutions for smaller satellites.
📖 Explanation
The SSLV is specifically designed to provide on-demand, cost-effective, and quick launch services for small satellites, making it ideal for commercial and university payloads.
India's newly commissioned deep-sea mining research vessel, 'Samudrayaan-2', is primarily designed for which of the following purposes?
ATo transport cargo between continents
BTo conduct manned missions to the International Space Station
CTo explore polymetallic nodules and other mineral resources in the deep ocean
DTo serve as a naval patrol vessel in the Indian Ocean
✅ Correct Answer
To explore polymetallic nodules and other mineral resources in the deep ocean
📖 Explanation
The 'Samudrayaan-2' is a specialized research vessel part of India's deep ocean mission, focused on exploring and studying polymetallic nodules and other valuable mineral resources found at great depths in the ocean.
ISRO successfully launched its next-generation constellation of Earth Observation Satellites (EOS-NG) in September 2026. What is the primary objective of this new constellation?
ADeep-space exploration and asteroid mining research
BEnhanced real-time disaster monitoring and agricultural yield prediction
CHigh-speed internet provision to remote rural areas
DTesting advanced propulsion systems for manned missions
✅ Correct Answer
Enhanced real-time disaster monitoring and agricultural yield prediction
📖 Explanation
The EOS-NG constellation is designed to provide more frequent and higher-resolution data for critical applications like disaster management, climate studies, and agricultural planning.
ISRO successfully launched its latest mission in 2026, aiming to deploy a rover to explore the permanently shadowed regions of the Moon's South Pole for water ice. What is the name of this mission?
AChandrayaan-4
BLuna Explorer
CShakti Mission
DDhruv Lander
✅ Correct Answer
Chandrayaan-4
📖 Explanation
Chandrayaan-4 is ISRO's ambitious 2026 mission, designed to further explore the lunar South Pole, specifically targeting permanently shadowed regions for the presence of water ice using an advanced rover.
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Policy 2026:
Statement I: The policy mandates the establishment of a public EV charging station every 25 km on state highways.
Statement II: It offers capital subsidies for private entities setting up fast-charging stations in designated urban corridors.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Policy 2026 aims to accelerate EV adoption by ensuring robust charging infrastructure, including mandatory stations on highways and subsidies for private fast-charging setups.
Question 143isro-solar-observatory-mission-2026
ISRO's upcoming 'Surya-Prabha' mission, scheduled for 2026, is primarily designed to study which celestial body?
AMars
BJupiter
CThe Sun
DThe Moon
✅ Correct Answer
The Sun
📖 Explanation
The 'Surya-Prabha' mission is ISRO's advanced solar observatory, intended to study the Sun's corona, solar flares, and space weather phenomena.
In September 2026, ISRO successfully conducted the maiden test flight of its new generation heavy-lift launch vehicle, designated 'Bahubali-3'. What is the primary advantage of this new vehicle over its predecessors?
AIt uses only solid propellants.
BIt has a significantly higher payload capacity to Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO).
CIt is designed for single-stage-to-orbit missions.
DIt can be launched from mobile platforms.
✅ Correct Answer
It has a significantly higher payload capacity to Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO).
📖 Explanation
The 'Bahubali-3' heavy-lift launch vehicle is designed to significantly increase India's capability to launch heavier satellites into GTO, reducing reliance on foreign launch services.
Question 145isro-exoplanet-research-mission-2026
ISRO's recently announced 'VISHWA' mission is primarily designed for which of the following scientific objectives?
AMapping lunar polar regions for water ice
BStudying exoplanetary atmospheres and habitability
CMonitoring solar flares and space weather
DDeveloping advanced satellite communication technologies
✅ Correct Answer
Studying exoplanetary atmospheres and habitability
📖 Explanation
The 'VISHWA' mission (Vast Imaging and Spectroscopic High-resolution Wide-field Array) is ISRO's ambitious project aimed at detailed study of exoplanetary atmospheres and assessing their potential for habitability.
Question 146isro-chandrayaan-4-lander-design
ISRO's proposed Chandrayaan-4 mission aims for a more ambitious lunar exploration. What is a key design feature expected for its lander, distinguishing it from previous Chandrayaan landers?
AAbility to carry human crew
BEnhanced sample return capability from multiple sites
CPropulsion system for Mars orbit insertion
DDeep-sea drilling mechanism
✅ Correct Answer
Enhanced sample return capability from multiple sites
📖 Explanation
Chandrayaan-4 is envisioned with an advanced lander and rover system capable of collecting samples from diverse lunar regions and returning them to Earth, a significant upgrade from previous missions.
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched the 'Netra-2' mission. What is the primary purpose of this mission?
ATo study the atmospheric composition of exoplanets.
BTo track and monitor space debris in low Earth orbit.
CTo develop a new generation of communication satellites.
DTo explore the possibility of human habitation on Mars.
✅ Correct Answer
To track and monitor space debris in low Earth orbit.
📖 Explanation
The 'Netra-2' mission is a dedicated initiative by ISRO to enhance India's capabilities in Space Situational Awareness (SSA) by tracking and monitoring space debris, thereby safeguarding operational satellites.
Assertion (A): The Tamil Nadu government launched the 'Surya Velanmai Thittam' (Solar Agriculture Scheme) in September 2026 to promote sustainable farming.
Reason (R): The scheme provides subsidies for farmers to install solar-powered irrigation pumps and cold storage units, reducing reliance on conventional energy sources.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The 'Surya Velanmai Thittam' directly aims to make agriculture more sustainable by promoting solar energy use, and the provision of subsidies for solar-powered irrigation and cold storage is the key mechanism to achieve this, thus R correctly explains A.
The Government of Tamil Nadu inaugurated a new state-of-the-art facility in September 2026. What is the primary focus of this new centre located along the Tamil Nadu coast?
AMarine biodiversity research and conservation
BDeep-sea mining exploration
CCoastal tourism development
DFisheries export processing
✅ Correct Answer
Marine biodiversity research and conservation
📖 Explanation
The newly inaugurated Tamil Nadu Marine Biodiversity Research Centre aims to study, protect, and restore the rich marine ecosystems and species found along the state's extensive coastline.
Which of the following is a key objective of India's 'National Space Debris Mitigation Policy 2026', launched in September?
ATo establish a new international space station.
BTo promote private sector participation in deep-space exploration.
CTo ensure sustainable space operations by minimizing orbital debris.
DTo develop advanced propulsion systems for interplanetary travel.
✅ Correct Answer
To ensure sustainable space operations by minimizing orbital debris.
📖 Explanation
The 'National Space Debris Mitigation Policy 2026' focuses on ensuring sustainable space operations by implementing measures to minimize the generation and impact of orbital debris.
Tamil Nadu has launched a comprehensive 'Wetland Restoration Mission' with a special focus on its Ramsar sites. Which of the following is NOT a designated Ramsar site in Tamil Nadu?
AChitrangudi Bird Sanctuary
BKanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary
CVembannur Wetland Complex
DVedanthangal Bird Sanctuary
✅ Correct Answer
Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary
📖 Explanation
Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary is a protected area and a significant bird sanctuary in Tamil Nadu, but it is not currently designated as a Ramsar site. The other options are Ramsar sites in Tamil Nadu.
Which of the following ISRO missions is primarily designed for advanced oceanographic studies, including sea surface temperature, ocean color, and wind vector measurements?
AChandrayaan-3
BMangalyaan-2
COceansat-4
DAditya-L1
✅ Correct Answer
Oceansat-4
📖 Explanation
Oceansat series satellites are dedicated to oceanographic applications, providing data for marine weather forecasting, fishery advisories, and coastal zone management.
Question 153tn-urban-greening-mission-2026
Which of the following is the primary objective of the Tamil Nadu Urban Greening Mission 2026?
ATo establish new industrial parks in urban areas
BTo increase urban green cover by planting native species and developing urban forests
CTo promote digital literacy among urban youth
DTo improve public transportation infrastructure in major cities
✅ Correct Answer
To increase urban green cover by planting native species and developing urban forests
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Urban Greening Mission 2026 focuses on enhancing the ecological balance and quality of life in urban areas by significantly increasing green cover through tree planting and urban forest development using native species.
Question 154india-deep-sea-mining-policy-2026
Statement I: India's Deep Sea Mining Policy 2026 emphasizes the use of indigenous technology for exploration and extraction of polymetallic nodules.
Statement II: The policy mandates that a significant portion of the revenue generated from deep-sea mining must be allocated for marine biodiversity conservation.
AStatement I is true, Statement II is false
BStatement I is false, Statement II is true
CBoth Statement I and Statement II are true
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are false
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are true
📖 Explanation
India's Deep Sea Mining Policy 2026 focuses on self-reliance in technology for deep-sea exploration and extraction. It also incorporates strong environmental safeguards, including mandatory allocation of revenue for marine biodiversity conservation.
Question 155isro-sslv-d3-commercial-launch-2026
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched its third developmental flight of the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV-D3) primarily for which of the following purposes?
ATo deploy a new generation of communication satellites for national security.
BTo test advanced propulsion systems for future interplanetary missions.
CTo provide cost-effective launch services for small commercial satellites.
DTo conduct atmospheric studies and weather forecasting experiments.
✅ Correct Answer
To provide cost-effective launch services for small commercial satellites.
📖 Explanation
The SSLV is designed to cater to the growing demand for launching small satellites into low earth orbits, offering a flexible, low-cost, and quick turnaround solution for commercial customers.
Question 156tn-ai-public-services-center-2026
The Tamil Nadu Government recently established a new 'AI for Public Services' research and training center. What is its primary objective?
ATo develop AI-powered drones for agricultural monitoring.
BTo integrate Artificial Intelligence solutions into government service delivery.
CTo create AI-based educational content for school students.
DTo promote AI research in space technology.
✅ Correct Answer
To integrate Artificial Intelligence solutions into government service delivery.
📖 Explanation
The 'AI for Public Services' research and training center aims to integrate Artificial Intelligence solutions into government service delivery to enhance efficiency and accessibility.
Question 157tn-coastal-resilience-project-2026
Tamil Nadu has launched a comprehensive 'Coastal Resilience and Adaptation Project' with international collaboration. Which of the following is NOT a key component of this project?
AMangrove restoration and protection.
BDevelopment of early warning systems for coastal hazards.
CConstruction of new deep-sea fishing harbors.
DPromotion of climate-resilient livelihoods for coastal communities.
✅ Correct Answer
Construction of new deep-sea fishing harbors.
📖 Explanation
The Coastal Resilience and Adaptation Project focuses on ecological restoration, hazard mitigation, and community adaptation, not on the construction of new fishing harbors, which falls under fisheries infrastructure development.
Question 158india-agni-prime-missile-test-2026
Consider the following statements regarding India's Agni-Prime (Agni-P) missile: Statement I: It is a new generation advanced variant of the Agni class of missiles. Statement II: It is a two-stage solid propellant ballistic missile with canister-launch capability. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AOnly Statement I
BOnly Statement II
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
Agni-Prime is indeed a new generation, advanced variant of the Agni series, and it is a two-stage solid propellant ballistic missile designed for canister launch.
Which of the following initiatives was launched by the Tamil Nadu government in 2026 to enhance the resilience of coastal ecosystems against climate change impacts and promote sustainable livelihoods?
ATamil Nadu Blue Carbon Initiative
BTamil Nadu Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Project
CTamil Nadu Marine Biodiversity Conservation Mission
DTamil Nadu Mangrove Protection and Development Scheme
✅ Correct Answer
Tamil Nadu Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Project
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Project (TNCERP) was launched in 2026 to restore degraded coastal ecosystems, enhance their resilience to climate change, and support sustainable livelihoods for coastal communities.
ISRO's 'Shukrayaan-1' mission, successfully launched in 2026, is designed to study which celestial body?
AMars
BJupiter
CVenus
DSaturn
✅ Correct Answer
Venus
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Shukrayaan-1' is India's first dedicated mission to Venus, aimed at studying its atmosphere, surface, and subsurface features. It was successfully launched in 2026.
Consider the following statements regarding Tamil Nadu's new initiative for coastal erosion management:
Statement I: The initiative primarily focuses on hard engineering solutions like seawalls and groynes.
Statement II: It promotes nature-based solutions such as mangrove plantation and coral reef restoration.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
AOnly Statement I
BOnly Statement II
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Only Statement II
📖 Explanation
Tamil Nadu's new coastal erosion management initiative prioritizes nature-based solutions like mangrove restoration and coral reef protection over traditional hard engineering methods to ensure ecological sustainability.
Assertion (A): ISRO is planning an asteroid sample return mission.
Reason (R): Such missions provide valuable insights into the early solar system and the origins of life.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's proposed asteroid sample return mission aims to collect material from an asteroid, which is crucial for understanding the formation of the solar system and the potential delivery of organic compounds to Earth.
Which of the following initiatives has Tamil Nadu recently launched to protect the endangered Dugong (sea cow) population in its coastal waters?
AProject Dolphin
BGulf of Mannar Dugong Conservation Reserve
CPalk Bay Marine Sanctuary Expansion
DCauvery Delta Protected Zone
✅ Correct Answer
Gulf of Mannar Dugong Conservation Reserve
📖 Explanation
Tamil Nadu established India's first Dugong Conservation Reserve in the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay region to protect the endangered marine mammal and its habitat.
Which Indian mission aims to explore the deep ocean for mineral resources, develop technologies for sustainable utilization of ocean resources, and advance marine biodiversity studies?
ASamudrayaan Mission
BSagar Nidhi Project
CBlue Economy Initiative
DOceanNet Program
✅ Correct Answer
Samudrayaan Mission
📖 Explanation
The Samudrayaan Mission is India's ambitious project to develop a manned submersible for deep-sea exploration, focusing on mineral resources, marine biodiversity, and ocean climate change studies.
ISRO's 'Surya Mitra' mission, launched in 2026, is primarily designed to:
AExplore the possibility of life on Mars.
BStudy solar flares and their impact on Earth's communication systems.
CMap the Earth's gravitational field with high precision.
DDevelop new propulsion systems for interplanetary travel.
✅ Correct Answer
Study solar flares and their impact on Earth's communication systems.
📖 Explanation
The 'Surya Mitra' mission by ISRO is a dedicated scientific endeavor to monitor solar flares and coronal mass ejections, assessing their potential disruption to satellite communications and power grids on Earth.
Consider the following statements regarding Tamil Nadu's renewable energy initiatives:Statement I: Tamil Nadu is actively exploring offshore wind energy potential, with a significant project proposed near Rameswaram.Statement II: The state aims to become a net exporter of solar power by 2030.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
I only
📖 Explanation
Tamil Nadu is indeed focusing on offshore wind energy, with projects like the one near Rameswaram being explored. While the state is a leader in solar power, becoming a net exporter by 2030 is not a widely stated primary goal.
Statement I: The Tamil Nadu Urban Greywater Recycling Initiative 2026 aims to mandate greywater treatment systems in all new residential constructions in Chennai. Statement II: This initiative is primarily focused on reducing the state's reliance on groundwater for non-potable uses.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Urban Greywater Recycling Initiative 2026 is designed to promote sustainable water management by mandating greywater recycling in new constructions and reducing the dependence on fresh groundwater for non-drinking purposes.
Question 170India's Private Space Sector
Which Indian private aerospace company successfully launched India's first privately developed rocket, 'Vikram-S', marking a significant milestone in the country's space sector?
ADhruva Space
BBellatrix Aerospace
CSkyroot Aerospace
DAgnikul Cosmos
✅ Correct Answer
Skyroot Aerospace
📖 Explanation
Skyroot Aerospace, a Hyderabad-based startup, successfully launched India's first privately developed rocket, 'Vikram-S', as part of its 'Prarambh' mission. This achievement marked the entry of the private sector into India's space launch capabilities.
What is the primary objective of ISRO's 'Netra-V' mission, launched in 2026?
ATo demonstrate active space debris removal technologies
BTo study the atmospheric composition of Venus
CTo deploy a constellation of communication satellites
DTo explore the mineral resources on the Moon's far side
✅ Correct Answer
To demonstrate active space debris removal technologies
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Netra-V' mission, launched in 2026, is a pioneering effort to address the growing problem of space debris. Its primary objective is to test and demonstrate advanced technologies for actively removing defunct satellites and other debris from Earth's orbit.
Consider the following statements regarding Tamil Nadu's 'Neelam Meen Valam' Policy 2026:Statement I: The policy primarily focuses on promoting sustainable shrimp farming in coastal districts.Statement II: It mandates the use of bio-floc technology for all new aquaculture projects to minimize environmental impact.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
The 'Neelam Meen Valam' Policy 2026 in Tamil Nadu aims to boost sustainable aquaculture, specifically focusing on shrimp farming in coastal areas and mandating eco-friendly technologies like bio-floc for new projects.
The Tamil Nadu government, in collaboration with the World Bank, launched a major project in September 2026 to address coastal erosion. Which region is the primary focus of the initial phase of this project?
AGulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve
BPulicat Lake
CCoromandel Coast
DWestern Ghats foothills
✅ Correct Answer
Coromandel Coast
📖 Explanation
The multi-year project focuses on implementing sustainable measures to mitigate coastal erosion along the vulnerable stretches of the Coromandel Coast in Tamil Nadu.
Question 175ISRO's Gaganyaan Mission
Which of the following statements accurately describes a key objective of ISRO's Gaganyaan mission?
ATo send a manned mission to the Moon's south pole for scientific exploration.
BTo develop and demonstrate India's capability to launch human beings to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and bring them back safely.
CTo deploy a constellation of satellites for global climate monitoring and disaster management.
DTo establish a permanent Indian space station in geostationary orbit.
✅ Correct Answer
To develop and demonstrate India's capability to launch human beings to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and bring them back safely.
📖 Explanation
The Gaganyaan mission is ISRO's ambitious human spaceflight program, aiming to demonstrate India's capability to send a crew of three astronauts to an orbit of 400 km for a 3-day mission and bring them back safely to Earth, by landing in the Indian sea waters.
Question 176India's Second Spaceport
India's second spaceport, primarily designed for launching Small Satellite Launch Vehicles (SSLVs), is being developed at which location in Tamil Nadu?
ASriharikota
BThiruvananthapuram
CKulasekarapattinam
DMahendragiri
✅ Correct Answer
Kulasekarapattinam
📖 Explanation
India's second spaceport is being established at Kulasekarapattinam in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, specifically to facilitate the launch of Small Satellite Launch Vehicles (SSLVs) by ISRO and private players.
Question 177NISAR Satellite Launch
ISRO recently successfully launched the 'NISAR' satellite, a joint mission with which international space agency, primarily for Earth observation and climate change studies?
ANASA
BESA (European Space Agency)
CJAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)
DRoscosmos
✅ Correct Answer
NASA
📖 Explanation
NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a joint Earth-observing mission between NASA and ISRO, designed to measure changes in Earth's land and ice surfaces.
Question 178National Quantum Mission
Which of the following ministries is primarily responsible for implementing India's recently launched National Quantum Mission, aimed at fostering research and development in quantum technologies?
AMinistry of Electronics and Information Technology
BMinistry of Science and Technology
CMinistry of Defence
DDepartment of Atomic Energy
✅ Correct Answer
Ministry of Science and Technology
📖 Explanation
The National Quantum Mission, launched by the Government of India, is primarily implemented by the Department of Science & Technology under the Ministry of Science and Technology, with a focus on developing quantum technologies and applications.
In September 2026, India successfully conducted the maiden test of its indigenously developed next-generation Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile. Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding ASAT technology?
I. ASAT missiles are designed to destroy or incapacitate satellites in orbit.
II. India is one of the few countries to possess demonstrated ASAT capabilities.
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
ASAT missiles are indeed designed to target and neutralize enemy satellites. India successfully demonstrated its ASAT capability in 'Mission Shakti' in 2019, becoming the fourth country after the US, Russia, and China to do so. A 'next-generation' test would further enhance this capability.
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's proposed Chandrayaan-4 mission:
I. It is envisioned as India's first lunar sample return mission.
II. The mission aims to collect samples from the lunar south pole region.
III. It will utilize a new generation heavy-lift launch vehicle for its deployment.
AI and II only
BII and III only
CI and III only
DI, II and III
✅ Correct Answer
I, II and III
📖 Explanation
Chandrayaan-4 is indeed planned as India's first lunar sample return mission, targeting the scientifically significant south pole region. It is expected to leverage advanced launch capabilities, including new generation heavy-lift vehicles.
What is the primary objective of ISRO's proposed Aditya-L2 Solar Polar Mission, expected to launch in 2026?
ATo study the Sun's outer corona and solar wind from a polar orbit
BTo observe the Sun's surface and atmosphere from the L1 Lagrangian point
CTo explore the possibility of life on Mars' polar caps
DTo map the lunar south pole for water ice reserves
✅ Correct Answer
To study the Sun's outer corona and solar wind from a polar orbit
📖 Explanation
The Aditya-L2 Solar Polar Mission, a follow-up to Aditya-L1, is designed to study the Sun's outer corona and solar wind from a unique polar orbit, providing a different perspective than the L1 point.
The Tamil Nadu Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Project (TNCERP) 2026, recently launched by the state government, primarily focuses on which of the following?
ADeveloping new deep-sea fishing harbors along the coast.
BPromoting tourism through large-scale beach resorts.
CRestoring mangrove forests, coral reefs, and coastal biodiversity.
DEstablishing offshore oil and gas exploration platforms.
✅ Correct Answer
Restoring mangrove forests, coral reefs, and coastal biodiversity.
📖 Explanation
TNCERP is a major initiative aimed at ecological restoration of Tamil Nadu's vulnerable coastal ecosystems, including mangroves and coral reefs, to enhance biodiversity and climate resilience.
Question 183ISRO's Navigation Satellite System
ISRO recently announced plans for the next generation of its indigenous navigation satellite system, aiming to enhance accuracy and expand coverage. What is the current operational Indian regional navigation satellite system officially called?
AIRNSS
BGAGAN
CNavIC
DSAGAR
✅ Correct Answer
NavIC
📖 Explanation
NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is India's independent regional navigation satellite system, formerly known as IRNSS. ISRO is continuously working on upgrading and expanding its capabilities for both civilian and strategic applications.
Question 184India's Private Sector in Deep Space Exploration
The Indian government recently introduced a new policy framework to encourage private sector participation in deep-space exploration and satellite manufacturing. What is the primary goal of this policy?
ATo completely privatize ISRO's operations and research activities.
BTo foster innovation, create a robust space ecosystem, and enhance India's global competitiveness in space technology.
CTo restrict foreign collaboration in India's space sector.
DTo shift all national security-related space missions to private entities.
✅ Correct Answer
To foster innovation, create a robust space ecosystem, and enhance India's global competitiveness in space technology.
📖 Explanation
The policy aims to leverage private sector capabilities to boost innovation, expand the space economy, and strengthen India's position as a global leader in space, rather than fully privatizing ISRO or restricting collaboration.
Question 185Biodegradable Plastics
Assertion (A): India has recently made significant strides in developing biodegradable plastics from agricultural waste products.
Reason (R): This initiative aims to reduce plastic pollution and promote a circular economy by utilizing abundant agricultural residues.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true but R is false.
DA is false but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
Indian research institutions and startups are actively working on sustainable solutions for plastic alternatives. Developing biodegradable plastics from agricultural waste is a key area of focus, directly addressing plastic pollution and aligning with circular economy principles by converting waste into valuable products.
Question 186ISRO's new Earth Observation Satellite
In 2026, ISRO successfully launched a new series of Earth Observation Satellites (EOS) primarily designed for enhanced disaster management support and agricultural monitoring across India. What is the primary capability of this new series?
AA) High-resolution imaging for urban planning and infrastructure development.
BB) Real-time data collection for oceanographic studies and marine resource mapping.
CC) Advanced synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for all-weather, all-time imaging to monitor floods, droughts, and crop health.
DD) Atmospheric composition analysis for climate change research.
✅ Correct Answer
C) Advanced synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for all-weather, all-time imaging to monitor floods, droughts, and crop health.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's new generation of Earth Observation Satellites often incorporates advanced SAR technology, which is crucial for continuous monitoring regardless of weather conditions, making it highly effective for disaster management and agricultural applications.
Question 187ISRO's New Earth Observation Satellite 'Samudra-Netra'
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched a new generation Earth Observation Satellite named 'Samudra-Netra'. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo explore the lunar south pole for water ice.
BTo study solar flares and coronal mass ejections.
CTo provide advanced data for oceanography, meteorology, and climate change monitoring.
DTo test new reusable launch vehicle technologies.
✅ Correct Answer
To provide advanced data for oceanography, meteorology, and climate change monitoring.
📖 Explanation
'Samudra-Netra' is designed to offer high-resolution data on ocean surface temperature, sea-level rise, atmospheric parameters, and weather patterns, significantly enhancing India's capabilities in climate research and disaster management.
Question 188ISRO Reusable Launch Vehicle
Consider the following statements regarding India's space program in September 2026:
Statement I: ISRO successfully conducted the maiden orbital test flight of its Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) - 'Pushpak' variant, demonstrating autonomous landing capabilities.
Statement II: This mission aims to significantly reduce the cost of space launches by enabling multiple uses of the launch vehicle's first stage.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
In September 2026, ISRO achieved a significant milestone with the successful orbital test flight of its Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) - 'Pushpak' variant. This mission validated critical technologies for autonomous landing and reusability, which are crucial for drastically lowering the cost of access to space by allowing the first stage of launch vehicles to be used multiple times.
What is the primary scientific objective of ISRO's proposed Aditya-L2 mission?
ATo study the Martian atmosphere and geological features.
BTo observe the Sun's corona and solar winds from a halo orbit.
CTo map the lunar surface for potential water ice deposits.
DTo test advanced reusable launch vehicle technologies.
✅ Correct Answer
To observe the Sun's corona and solar winds from a halo orbit.
📖 Explanation
The Aditya-L2 mission, building on Aditya-L1, is designed to provide advanced observations of the Sun's outer layers, including the corona, and study solar winds and space weather phenomena from a strategic Lagrange Point.
Question 190tn-groundwater-recharge-mission-2026
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Groundwater Recharge Mission 2026:Statement I: The mission primarily focuses on constructing new check dams and percolation ponds in urban areas.Statement II: It aims to integrate traditional water harvesting structures with modern recharge techniques across rural districts.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
II only
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Groundwater Recharge Mission 2026 primarily targets rural districts, focusing on rejuvenating traditional water bodies and implementing modern recharge techniques to improve groundwater levels.
Question 191ISRO's Quantum Communication
ISRO has recently announced a new initiative to bolster India's space communication capabilities. What is the primary objective of this initiative?
ADeveloping a new generation of reusable launch vehicles.
BEstablishing a deep-space observatory for exoplanet research.
CPioneering indigenous quantum communication for secure satellite links.
DLaunching a dedicated satellite for asteroid deflection studies.
✅ Correct Answer
Pioneering indigenous quantum communication for secure satellite links.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's latest strategic initiative focuses on advancing India's capabilities in quantum communication, aiming to establish highly secure and unhackable satellite communication links for critical applications.
Question 192DRDO's HALE UAV Test
Assertion (A): In September 2026, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted the maiden flight test of 'Drishti-X', an indigenously developed High-Altitude Long-Endurance (HALE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Reason (R): 'Drishti-X' is designed to provide advanced intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities for the Indian armed forces over extended durations.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The successful test flight of 'Drishti-X' marks a significant milestone in India's indigenous defense capabilities, providing the armed forces with crucial HALE ISR assets for strategic operations.
Which of the following is the primary objective of ISRO's 'Pragyan-2' mission, successfully launched in September 2026?
ATo establish a permanent lunar base for future human missions
BTo study the atmospheric composition of Mars
CTo collect samples from an asteroid and return them to Earth for analysis
DTo deploy a new constellation of communication satellites
✅ Correct Answer
To collect samples from an asteroid and return them to Earth for analysis
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Pragyan-2' mission is designed as an asteroid sample return mission, aiming to retrieve geological samples from an asteroid and bring them back to Earth for scientific study.
Question 194ISRO Satellite Launch
ISRO recently launched the 'GSAT-24R' satellite, a high-throughput communication satellite, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre. What is the primary objective of this satellite?
ATo provide enhanced navigation services for maritime applications.
BTo facilitate advanced weather forecasting and climate monitoring.
CTo augment India's communication capabilities, particularly for DTH services and broadband.
DTo conduct deep-space observation of exoplanets.
✅ Correct Answer
To augment India's communication capabilities, particularly for DTH services and broadband.
📖 Explanation
The GSAT series of satellites are primarily designed to enhance India's communication infrastructure. GSAT-24R, as a high-throughput communication satellite, is intended to boost services like Direct-to-Home (DTH) television and broadband internet across the country.
Which of the following districts in Tamil Nadu is a key focus area for the state's ambitious mangrove restoration and conservation initiative launched in 2026?
ACoimbatore
BMadurai
CCuddalore
DSalem
✅ Correct Answer
Cuddalore
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu government has launched a significant initiative in 2026 for mangrove restoration and conservation, with coastal districts like Cuddalore, Nagapattinam, and Ramanathapuram being key focus areas due to their existing mangrove cover and vulnerability to climate change.
Which of the following initiatives has Tamil Nadu recently launched to enhance urban biodiversity and green spaces in its major cities?
ATamil Nadu Urban Greening Mission
BChennai Biodiversity Enhancement Mission
CNamma Ooru Namma Kaadu Thittam
DState Green Corridor Project
✅ Correct Answer
Tamil Nadu Urban Greening Mission
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Urban Greening Mission is a recent initiative by the state government aimed at increasing green cover, promoting urban forestry, and enhancing biodiversity within its cities.
Assertion (A): The National AI in Healthcare Mission (NAIHM) aims to integrate Artificial Intelligence tools for early disease detection and personalized treatment plans across public health systems.
Reason (R): The primary objective of NAIHM is to reduce healthcare costs by replacing human medical professionals with AI systems.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
A is true, but R is false.
📖 Explanation
Assertion A is true as AI aims to enhance healthcare through better diagnostics and personalized care. However, Reason R is false; AI in healthcare is intended to assist and augment human professionals, not replace them, and cost reduction is a secondary benefit, not the primary objective of replacement.
Question 198samudrayaan-2-deep-sea-mission-2026
Consider the following statements regarding India's 'Samudrayaan-2' mission:
Statement I: The mission aims to explore the deep sea for mineral resources and biodiversity.
Statement II: It involves a manned submersible capable of descending to depths of 6000 meters.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
The Samudrayaan-2 mission is India's ambitious deep-sea exploration project, designed to study marine resources and biodiversity using a manned submersible capable of reaching depths of 6000 meters.
Statement I: The Tamil Nadu government launched the 'Makkaludan AI' initiative in September 2026 to integrate Artificial Intelligence into various public service delivery mechanisms.
Statement II: This initiative primarily focuses on enhancing healthcare diagnostics and treatment protocols in rural areas.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect
📖 Explanation
Statement I is correct as 'Makkaludan AI' aims to integrate AI into various public services. Statement II is incorrect because while healthcare might be one aspect, the initiative is broader, covering various public service delivery mechanisms, not just rural healthcare diagnostics.
Question 200ISRO's Green Propulsion System
ISRO recently announced the successful testing of a new indigenous 'Green Propulsion System' for its future missions. What is the primary advantage of this system over conventional propellants?
AHigher thrust-to-weight ratio
BReduced mission cost
CEnvironmentally friendly and non-toxic
DFaster ignition time
✅ Correct Answer
Environmentally friendly and non-toxic
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Green Propulsion System' utilizes propellants that are less hazardous and environmentally benign compared to traditional hydrazine-based fuels, making it a sustainable choice for future space missions.
Question 201India's Advanced Materials Research
The Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT-M) recently developed a novel lightweight alloy with enhanced strength for aerospace applications. This breakthrough is significant for which of the following sectors?
AAgriculture and Food Processing
BAerospace and Defence
CRenewable Energy Production
DTextile Manufacturing
✅ Correct Answer
Aerospace and Defence
📖 Explanation
The development of lightweight, high-strength alloys is crucial for the aerospace and defence sectors, as it contributes to fuel efficiency, increased payload capacity, and enhanced structural integrity of aircraft and spacecraft.
Question 202ISRO's Disaster Warning System
ISRO recently announced the development of an advanced satellite-based early warning system specifically designed for which type of natural disaster, aiming to provide more precise and timely alerts to coastal communities?
AVolcanic Eruptions
BLandslides in Himalayan regions
CCyclones and Storm Surges
DDesertification in arid zones
✅ Correct Answer
Cyclones and Storm Surges
📖 Explanation
ISRO has been continuously enhancing its capabilities for disaster management, with a particular focus on cyclones and storm surges, which frequently affect India's long coastline, by developing more sophisticated satellite-based early warning systems.
Question 203Science & Technology
In a significant technological advancement in September 2026, DRDO successfully conducted the maiden flight test of an indigenously developed 'Hypersonic Glide Vehicle' (HGV). What is the key characteristic of an HGV?
AIt operates at speeds below the speed of sound (subsonic).
BIt is designed to travel at speeds exceeding Mach 5 (five times the speed of sound) while maneuvering within the atmosphere.
CIt is primarily used for deep-sea exploration and underwater surveillance.
DIt is a satellite designed for long-term climate monitoring.
✅ Correct Answer
It is designed to travel at speeds exceeding Mach 5 (five times the speed of sound) while maneuvering within the atmosphere.
📖 Explanation
Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGVs) are advanced weapon systems capable of traveling at extremely high speeds (Mach 5 and above) and performing complex maneuvers within the Earth's atmosphere, making them highly challenging to intercept. This represents a significant leap in defense technology.
Question 204Science & Technology
Which city in Tamil Nadu was chosen in September 2026 to host the state's first 'Tamil Nadu Quantum Computing Centre,' aiming to foster research and development in advanced computing technologies?
AChennai
BCoimbatore
CMadurai
DTiruchirappalli
✅ Correct Answer
Chennai
📖 Explanation
Chennai was selected as the location for the first Tamil Nadu Quantum Computing Centre, a significant step towards advancing quantum technology research and development in the state.
Question 205Eminent Persons & Places in News
In September 2026, Dr. K. Anandan, a distinguished scientist from Chennai, was awarded the prestigious Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for his groundbreaking contributions in which of the following fields?
AAdvanced Battery Technology
BQuantum Physics
CMarine Biology
DArchaeological Conservation
✅ Correct Answer
Advanced Battery Technology
📖 Explanation
Dr. K. Anandan from Chennai received the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize in September 2026 for his pioneering work in Advanced Battery Technology, which has significant implications for energy storage and sustainable solutions.
Question 206isro-eos-08-launch-2026
ISRO successfully launched its latest Earth Observation Satellite, EOS-08, in 2026. What is the primary purpose of this satellite?
ADeep space exploration
BClimate change monitoring and disaster management
CInterplanetary communication
DLunar surface mapping
✅ Correct Answer
Climate change monitoring and disaster management
📖 Explanation
EOS-08 is designed to provide high-resolution images and data for climate change studies, agricultural applications, and effective disaster management.
ISRO successfully launched the 'Oceansat-4' satellite in 2026. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo study exoplanets and distant galaxies.
BTo monitor ocean color, sea surface temperature, and wind vectors.
CTo test reusable launch vehicle technology.
DTo facilitate human spaceflight missions.
✅ Correct Answer
To monitor ocean color, sea surface temperature, and wind vectors.
📖 Explanation
Oceansat series satellites are dedicated to oceanographic studies, providing crucial data for marine weather forecasting, fishery advisories, and climate research.
The Tamil Nadu government has announced the establishment of a new 'Marine Biodiversity Park' in 2026. This park is planned to be located in which region?
AGulf of Mannar
BPalk Bay
CBay of Bengal (near Chennai)
DArabian Sea (near Kanyakumari)
✅ Correct Answer
Gulf of Mannar
📖 Explanation
The Gulf of Mannar region is renowned for its rich marine biodiversity, making it an ideal location for the new Marine Biodiversity Park aimed at conservation and research. This initiative will further protect the unique ecosystems of the area.
ISRO's proposed 'Vigyan Deep Space Telescope' mission, expected by 2026, is primarily designed for what purpose?
AMonitoring space debris in Earth's orbit
BStudying exoplanet atmospheres
CObserving distant galaxies and cosmic phenomena
DDeveloping advanced satellite communication
✅ Correct Answer
Observing distant galaxies and cosmic phenomena
📖 Explanation
The 'Vigyan Deep Space Telescope' is ISRO's ambitious project to explore the universe beyond our solar system, focusing on deep space observations of galaxies, quasars, and other cosmic phenomena. This mission aims to contribute significantly to astrophysics.
The Tamil Nadu government's 'Coastal Green Belt Initiative' launched in 2026 primarily focuses on:
ADeveloping new fishing harbours
BPromoting eco-tourism in coastal areas
CRestoring and expanding mangrove forests
DEstablishing desalination plants
✅ Correct Answer
Restoring and expanding mangrove forests
📖 Explanation
The 'Coastal Green Belt Initiative' is a significant environmental project by the Tamil Nadu government aimed at enhancing coastal resilience through extensive mangrove restoration.
Question 211isro-surya-prabhaa-solar-mission-2026
ISRO's recently announced 'Surya Prabhaa Mission 2026' is designed for which of the following purposes?
AStudying the Martian atmosphere
BObserving solar flares and coronal mass ejections
CMapping lunar surface resources
DExploring Jupiter's moons
✅ Correct Answer
Observing solar flares and coronal mass ejections
📖 Explanation
The 'Surya Prabhaa Mission 2026' is ISRO's dedicated space observatory to monitor solar activities like flares and CMEs, crucial for understanding space weather.
Question 212ISRO's Atmos-Explorer Satellite
ISRO recently launched "Atmos-Explorer", a dedicated satellite. What is its primary scientific mission?
ATo study the upper atmosphere and ionospheric dynamics.
BTo monitor deep-sea mineral resources.
CTo provide high-resolution images for urban planning.
DTo facilitate inter-planetary communication.
✅ Correct Answer
To study the upper atmosphere and ionospheric dynamics.
📖 Explanation
"Atmos-Explorer" is designed for specific atmospheric research, focusing on the upper layers and ionosphere, distinct from general Earth observation or communication satellites.
Question 213ISRO's NVS-01 Satellite Launch
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's recent advancements in satellite navigation:
1. ISRO successfully launched the first of its second-generation navigation satellites, designated NVS-01.
2. These new satellites incorporate an indigenous atomic clock for enhanced accuracy and reliability.
3. The primary objective is to provide precise positioning and timing services for both civilian and military applications across India and its surrounding regions.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A1 and 2 only
B2 and 3 only
C1 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
✅ Correct Answer
1, 2 and 3
📖 Explanation
ISRO launched NVS-01, the first of its second-generation navigation satellites, on May 29, 2023. These satellites are indeed equipped with an indigenous atomic clock developed by ISRO's Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad, for improved accuracy. The NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) system, which NVS-01 is part of, aims to provide precise positioning and timing services for various applications.
Question 214DRDO Advanced Materials
Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the recent advancements by DRDO in advanced materials for defense applications?
I. DRDO has successfully developed a new generation of lightweight, high-strength composite materials for aerospace structures.
II. These materials are primarily intended for use in civilian aircraft manufacturing to boost domestic production.
AOnly I is correct.
BOnly II is correct.
CBoth I and II are correct.
DNeither I nor II is correct.
✅ Correct Answer
Only I is correct.
📖 Explanation
DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation) focuses on developing advanced technologies for defense. While it has made significant strides in lightweight, high-strength composite materials for aerospace structures (Statement I is correct), these are primarily for military and strategic applications, not civilian aircraft manufacturing (Statement II is incorrect).
Question 215TN EV Battery Recycling Policy
Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding Tamil Nadu's recently announced policy for promoting advanced battery recycling facilities for Electric Vehicles (EVs)?
1. The policy aims to establish a circular economy for EV batteries, reducing reliance on virgin materials.
2. It offers significant subsidies and tax incentives for companies setting up battery manufacturing units.
3. The policy mandates all EV manufacturers operating in the state to set up their own recycling plants.
A1 only
B1 and 2 only
C2 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
✅ Correct Answer
1 only
📖 Explanation
Statement 1 is correct as the policy focuses on creating a circular economy for EV batteries through recycling. Statement 2 is incorrect because the policy specifically targets recycling facilities, not manufacturing units. Statement 3 is incorrect as policies typically offer incentives rather than strict mandates for all manufacturers to set up their own plants.
Assertion (A): ISRO has launched a new initiative to develop a constellation of small satellites specifically for real-time monitoring of agricultural health and crop yield across India.
Reason (R): This initiative aims to provide precise data for crop insurance, irrigation management, and early warning systems for agricultural distress, thereby enhancing food security.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
Both the assertion and the reason are true. ISRO is indeed focusing on specialized satellite constellations for agricultural monitoring, and the stated reasons (crop insurance, irrigation, early warning) are the primary objectives for such an initiative, making R the correct explanation for A.
Question 217ISRO's Vayu-Mitra Satellite Mission
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched the 'Vayu-Mitra' satellite. What is the primary objective of this mission?
AHigh-resolution atmospheric composition mapping
BDeep-space asteroid exploration
CLunar surface mineral analysis
DSolar corona observation
✅ Correct Answer
High-resolution atmospheric composition mapping
📖 Explanation
The name 'Vayu-Mitra' (Friend of Air) suggests a mission focused on atmospheric studies. High-resolution atmospheric composition mapping would be a fitting primary objective for such a satellite.
Question 218National Youth Games in Tamil Nadu
In September 2026, Tamil Nadu successfully hosted the 3rd edition of the National Youth Games. Which city in Tamil Nadu was the primary host for this event?
AChennai
BCoimbatore
CMadurai
DTiruchirappalli
✅ Correct Answer
Chennai
📖 Explanation
Chennai, being the capital and a major metropolitan city with extensive sports infrastructure, is a frequent and suitable host for large-scale national and international sporting events in Tamil Nadu.
In September 2026, India successfully tested 'Samudrayaan-3', an indigenously developed manned submersible, reaching a depth of 7000 meters. Which organization was primarily responsible for its development and mission execution?
AIndian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
BDefence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
CNational Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT)
DBhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
✅ Correct Answer
National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT)
📖 Explanation
The National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, is at the forefront of India's Deep Ocean Mission. 'Samudrayaan-3' represents a significant leap in indigenous deep-sea exploration capabilities, enabling manned missions to explore mineral resources and biodiversity in the deep ocean.
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Urban Forest Development Initiative 2026:
Statement I: The initiative primarily focuses on creating dense forest patches within urban and peri-urban areas.
Statement II: It aims to improve air quality and enhance biodiversity in major cities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Urban Forest Development Initiative 2026 is designed to establish dense forest patches in urban and peri-urban areas, which directly contributes to improving air quality, reducing urban heat island effect, and fostering local biodiversity.
Question 221isro-surya-kiran-solar-mission
What is the primary objective of ISRO's proposed 'Surya Kiran' mission?
ATo study exoplanets in distant galaxies.
BTo monitor and predict solar flares and coronal mass ejections.
CTo explore the possibility of life on Mars.
DTo develop advanced satellite communication technology.
✅ Correct Answer
To monitor and predict solar flares and coronal mass ejections.
📖 Explanation
The 'Surya Kiran' mission is envisioned by ISRO to enhance India's capability in space weather forecasting by closely observing solar activities like flares and coronal mass ejections.
Question 222tn-offshore-wind-energy-development
Which of the following organizations is primarily responsible for spearheading Tamil Nadu's ambitious offshore wind energy development projects?
ATamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA)
BTamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation (TANGEDCO)
CNational Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE)
DTamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation (TIDCO)
✅ Correct Answer
National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE)
📖 Explanation
The National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE), based in Chennai, plays a crucial role in the assessment and development of offshore wind energy potential in Tamil Nadu.
In September 2026, ISRO successfully launched its 'Anveshan' mission. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo study the atmospheric composition of Venus.
BTo analyze the mineral composition of near-Earth asteroids.
CTo monitor solar flares and their impact on Earth's climate.
DTo test advanced docking procedures for future human spaceflight.
✅ Correct Answer
To analyze the mineral composition of near-Earth asteroids.
📖 Explanation
The 'Anveshan' mission is designed to send a probe to a near-Earth asteroid to collect data on its mineral and chemical composition, providing insights into the early solar system.
Question 224isro-navic-nextgen-deployment-2026
In September 2026, ISRO successfully deployed the final satellite of the next-generation NavIC constellation. What is the primary purpose of the NavIC system?
ATo monitor solar flares and space weather
BTo provide independent regional navigation services for India
CTo study exoplanets in distant galaxies
DTo facilitate deep-space communication with lunar missions
✅ Correct Answer
To provide independent regional navigation services for India
📖 Explanation
NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is India's independent regional satellite navigation system, providing accurate position information service to users in India and the region around it.
Question 225India's Ethical AI Policy
Consider the following statements regarding India's new policy framework for Ethical AI development:
Statement I: The framework emphasizes the need for transparency and accountability in AI algorithms.
Statement II: It mandates the establishment of an independent regulatory body to oversee AI ethics across all sectors.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
India's new Ethical AI policy framework indeed stresses transparency and accountability in AI development (Statement I). Furthermore, it includes provisions for an independent regulatory body to ensure ethical AI practices across various sectors (Statement II).
Question 226India's progress in CRISPR-based gene editing
Assertion (A): India has made significant strides in developing CRISPR-based gene editing technologies for therapeutic applications.
Reason (R): The government has established dedicated research centers and provided substantial funding to accelerate indigenous development in this field.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
India has indeed been investing in advanced biotechnology, including gene editing. Government support through dedicated research centers and funding is crucial for accelerating indigenous development in complex scientific fields like CRISPR-based therapeutics, making R a correct explanation for A.
Question 227ISRO's Space-Based Solar Power Demonstrator
Which of the following describes ISRO's recently announced 'Surya Shakti' mission?
AA mission to study solar flares and coronal mass ejections.
BA demonstrator project for space-based solar power generation and transmission.
CIndia's first manned mission to the Sun's outer corona.
DA satellite constellation for monitoring solar energy output on Earth.
✅ Correct Answer
A demonstrator project for space-based solar power generation and transmission.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Surya Shakti' mission is a pioneering demonstrator project aimed at exploring the feasibility of generating solar power in space and transmitting it wirelessly to Earth, addressing future energy needs.
Question 228ISRO Missions
Assertion (A): ISRO recently launched the 'Pragyan-3' lunar rover mission to explore the lunar polar regions.
Reason (R): The mission aims to study the composition of lunar soil and search for water ice in permanently shadowed areas.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Pragyan-3' mission is indeed focused on lunar polar exploration, specifically to analyze soil composition and detect water ice in shadowed regions, making both the assertion and reason true and the reason a correct explanation.
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's 'Meghdoot-1' Climate Observation Satellite, launched in September 2026:
Statement I: Meghdoot-1 is designed to provide high-resolution data on atmospheric moisture content and cloud dynamics.
Statement II: The satellite primarily focuses on monitoring solar flares and space weather phenomena.
AStatement I is true, but Statement II is false.
BStatement I is false, but Statement II is true.
CBoth Statement I and Statement II are true.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are false.
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is true, but Statement II is false.
📖 Explanation
Meghdoot-1, as a climate observation satellite, would focus on Earth's atmospheric conditions like moisture and cloud dynamics (Statement I is true). Monitoring solar flares and space weather is typically the domain of solar missions like Aditya-L1 or other dedicated space weather satellites (Statement II is false).
ISRO's proposed 'Shukraayan-2' mission, planned for 2026, is primarily designed for which of the following objectives?
ATo study the Martian atmosphere and climate patterns
BTo collect samples from an asteroid and return them to Earth
CTo orbit Venus and study its surface and atmospheric composition
DTo deploy a new generation of communication satellites
✅ Correct Answer
To orbit Venus and study its surface and atmospheric composition
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Shukraayan-2 mission is India's planned orbiter mission to Venus, aiming to study its atmosphere, surface, and subsurface for a comprehensive understanding of the planet.
Question 231isro-shukrayaan-1-venus-mission
ISRO's upcoming 'Shukrayaan-1' mission is designed to study which celestial body?
AMars
BJupiter
CVenus
DSaturn
✅ Correct Answer
Venus
📖 Explanation
Shukrayaan-1 is ISRO's planned orbiter mission to Venus, intended to study its atmosphere and surface characteristics.
ISRO recently announced a new mission focused on the study of exoplanets and their atmospheric compositions. What is the primary objective of this proposed mission?
AMapping lunar surface for water ice
BDeveloping advanced communication satellites
CCharacterizing atmospheres of exoplanets for habitability
DDeploying a new generation of navigation satellites
✅ Correct Answer
Characterizing atmospheres of exoplanets for habitability
📖 Explanation
ISRO's new mission aims to delve into the study of exoplanet atmospheres to determine their composition and potential for supporting life, a crucial step in astrobiology.
Question 233Science & Technology
Which of the following initiatives was recently launched by ELCOT (Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu) to enhance digital infrastructure and promote emerging technologies in the state?
Aa) Tamil Nadu Quantum Computing Research Centre
Bb) State-wide Blockchain-based Land Records System
Cc) Establishment of a new Tier-II Data Centre in Coimbatore
Dd) Development of a dedicated AI-powered Public Grievance Redressal Platform
✅ Correct Answer
c) Establishment of a new Tier-II Data Centre in Coimbatore
📖 Explanation
ELCOT recently announced the establishment of a new Tier-II Data Centre in Coimbatore to strengthen Tamil Nadu's digital infrastructure, provide secure data storage, and support the state's e-governance initiatives and emerging technology adoption.
Question 234ISRO's Advanced Propulsion System
Which advanced propulsion technology did ISRO successfully test in September 2026, marking a significant step towards more efficient deep-space missions?
AAdvanced Ion Propulsion System
BNuclear Thermal Propulsion
CSolar Sail Technology
DPlasma Rocket Engine
✅ Correct Answer
Advanced Ion Propulsion System
📖 Explanation
In September 2026, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully conducted ground tests of its indigenously developed Advanced Ion Propulsion System, which promises to significantly reduce fuel consumption and increase payload capacity for future long-duration deep-space missions.
Question 235Tamil Nadu AI Research and Development Policy
Which of the following Tamil Nadu government bodies is primarily responsible for implementing the newly announced 'Tamil Nadu Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Policy 2026' aimed at fostering AI innovation in state universities?
ATamil Nadu e-Governance Agency (TNeGA)
BElectronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu (ELCOT)
CTamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation (TIDCO)
DChennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA)
✅ Correct Answer
Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu (ELCOT)
📖 Explanation
The Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu (ELCOT) is typically the nodal agency for promoting IT and electronics industries, including emerging technologies like AI, in the state. The 'Tamil Nadu Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Policy 2026' would fall under its purview for implementation in state universities.
Question 236National Quantum Computing Research Centre
Assertion (A): The Union Government inaugurated the 'National Quantum Computing Research Centre' in September 2026 to accelerate India's capabilities in quantum technologies.
Reason (R): Quantum computing is expected to revolutionize fields like cryptography, drug discovery, and artificial intelligence, making it a strategic area for national investment.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The establishment of a national research centre for quantum computing (Assertion A) is a logical step for any nation aiming to advance in this critical technology. The reason (Reason R) correctly highlights the transformative potential and strategic importance of quantum computing, thus providing a valid justification for such an investment and initiative.
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's recent Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) landing experiment in 2026:
Statement I: The experiment successfully demonstrated autonomous landing capabilities on a simulated runway.
Statement II: This technology is crucial for reducing the cost of space access and enabling rapid turnaround missions.
AA) Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect
BB) Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct
CC) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
DD) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
✅ Correct Answer
C) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
📖 Explanation
ISRO's RLV landing experiments are designed to validate autonomous landing technologies, which are vital for developing cost-effective and reusable space transportation systems.
ISRO's proposed 'Shukrayaan-2' mission is primarily aimed at which of the following objectives?
AStudying the Martian atmosphere and surface
BCollecting samples from an asteroid and returning them to Earth
CDetailed mapping of Venus's surface and atmosphere
DDeploying a new generation of communication satellites
✅ Correct Answer
Detailed mapping of Venus's surface and atmosphere
📖 Explanation
Shukrayaan-2 is ISRO's planned orbiter mission to Venus, focusing on detailed studies of its surface, subsurface, and atmospheric composition. The asteroid sample return mission is a separate, distinct future possibility for ISRO.
ISRO's upcoming 'Chandrayaan-4' mission is primarily designed for which of the following objectives?
ATo study the Sun's corona
BTo map lunar resources, especially water ice and rare earth elements
CTo deploy a deep-space telescope
DTo test a new semi-cryogenic engine for heavy lift
✅ Correct Answer
To map lunar resources, especially water ice and rare earth elements
📖 Explanation
The Chandrayaan-4 mission is envisioned as a follow-up to previous lunar missions, with a specific focus on detailed mapping of potential lunar resources, including water ice in polar regions and various rare earth elements across the lunar surface.
Question 241isro-sslvi-maiden-flight-2026
Statement I: In September 2026, ISRO successfully conducted the maiden flight of its Small Satellite Launch Vehicle-II (SSLV-II). Statement II: The SSLV-II is designed for rapid turnaround and cost-effective launch of payloads up to 1000 kg to Low Earth Orbit.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
The SSLV-II is an advanced version of ISRO's Small Satellite Launch Vehicle, designed to meet the growing demand for small satellite launches with improved efficiency and capacity.
Question 242Defence Technology
Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted the flight test of a new generation indigenously developed anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) from a main battle tank. What is the primary objective of this new generation ATGM?
ATo enhance air-to-air combat capabilities for fighter jets.
BTo provide long-range precision strike capability against enemy naval vessels.
CTo improve the 'fire and forget' capability and accuracy against armored targets.
DTo intercept incoming ballistic missiles at high altitudes.
✅ Correct Answer
To improve the 'fire and forget' capability and accuracy against armored targets.
📖 Explanation
DRDO regularly tests new generation ATGMs to enhance the Indian Army's capabilities. The primary objective of these new generation missiles is to provide advanced 'fire and forget' capabilities, improved accuracy, and extended range against modern armored targets, ensuring superior performance in battlefield scenarios.
Question 243Science & Technology
Assertion (A): ISRO is actively developing advanced life support systems for its human spaceflight missions.
Reason (R): These systems are crucial for sustaining astronauts in space for extended durations during missions like Gaganyaan.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true but R is false.
DA is false but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Gaganyaan mission, India's first human spaceflight program, necessitates the development of robust environmental control and life support systems (ECLSS) to ensure the safety and well-being of astronauts during their stay in orbit.
Question 244Science & Technology
Assertion (A): India has launched the National Quantum Mission to accelerate research and development in quantum technologies.
Reason (R): Quantum computing holds the potential to revolutionize fields like cryptography, drug discovery, and artificial intelligence.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true but R is false.
DA is false but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The National Quantum Mission (NQM) was launched by India to foster R&D in quantum technologies. Quantum computing, with its ability to process complex data much faster, is expected to bring transformative changes across various sectors, making the reason a correct explanation for the assertion.
Question 245ISRO Missions
Which of the following is a key objective of ISRO's Gaganyaan mission?
ATo send a robotic rover to Mars
BTo establish a permanent space station
CTo demonstrate human spaceflight capability to Low Earth Orbit
DTo launch a new series of communication satellites
✅ Correct Answer
To demonstrate human spaceflight capability to Low Earth Orbit
📖 Explanation
The Gaganyaan mission is India's ambitious human spaceflight program, aiming to demonstrate the country's capability to send humans to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) on an Indian launch vehicle and bring them back safely to Earth.
Question 246Science & Technology
Consider the following statements regarding the National Research Foundation (NRF) in India:
I. The NRF aims to seed, grow, and promote Research and Development (R&D) across universities, colleges, research institutions, and R&D laboratories.
II. It is envisioned to be governed by a Governing Board consisting of eminent researchers and professionals, with the Prime Minister as its ex-officio President.
AStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
BStatement II is correct, but Statement I is incorrect.
CBoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
The National Research Foundation (NRF) is a key initiative by the Indian government to strengthen the research ecosystem across the country, with a broad mandate for R&D promotion and a high-level governing structure led by the Prime Minister.
Question 247India's First Indigenous Solid-State Battery
In September 2026, a prominent Indian national research laboratory successfully demonstrated India's first indigenous 'Solid-State Battery' technology. What is the key advantage of solid-state batteries over traditional lithium-ion batteries?
ALower energy density and shorter lifespan.
BHigher cost and slower charging times.
CEnhanced safety, higher energy density, and faster charging capabilities.
DRequirement for liquid electrolytes and complex cooling systems.
✅ Correct Answer
Enhanced safety, higher energy density, and faster charging capabilities.
📖 Explanation
Solid-state batteries use solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte, offering significant advantages like enhanced safety (non-flammable), higher energy density (longer range for EVs), and faster charging compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries which use liquid electrolytes.
Question 248ISRO's 'Netra-Vayu' Mission
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's recently announced 'Netra-Vayu' Mission, slated for launch in September 2026:
I. The primary objective of Netra-Vayu is to monitor and actively remove space debris from Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
II. It will utilize advanced robotic arms and laser-based propulsion systems for debris capture and de-orbiting.
III. The mission is a collaborative effort with the European Space Agency (ESA) to share technology and expertise.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AA) I and II only
BB) II and III only
CC) I and III only
DD) I, II and III
✅ Correct Answer
A) I and II only
📖 Explanation
ISRO's 'Netra-Vayu' Mission is an indigenous initiative focused on space debris mitigation and active removal from LEO using advanced robotic and laser technologies. While international collaboration is common, the mission's core development and execution are primarily Indian, making statement III incorrect in this context.