TNPSC General Science Current Affairs June 2026 MCQ
📅 June 2026🎯 Group 4 & Group 2
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June 2026 — General Science Questions
All questions with answers & explanations. Mapped to TNPSC Group 4 syllabus Unit I.
Question 1india-renewable-energy-targets
What is India's ambitious target for achieving renewable energy capacity by the year 2030?
A175 GW
B250 GW
C450 GW
D500 GW
✅ Correct Answer
500 GW
📖 Explanation
India has set an ambitious target of achieving 500 GW of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030, which includes a significant portion from renewable energy sources.
Question 2national-health-mission-components
Which of the following is NOT a core component of the National Health Mission (NHM) in India?
ANational Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
BNational Urban Health Mission (NUHM)
CReproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCH+A)
DPradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY)
✅ Correct Answer
Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY)
📖 Explanation
The National Health Mission (NHM) subsumes the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM), and includes RMNCH+A. PMJAY is a separate health insurance scheme under Ayushman Bharat, not a core component of NHM.
Question 3national-green-hydrogen-mission
Assertion (A): The National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to make India a global hub for the production, utilization, and export of Green Hydrogen.
Reason (R): Green Hydrogen is produced through electrolysis of water using renewable energy, making it a sustainable and clean fuel source.
Which of the following is correct regarding the Assertion (A) and Reason (R)?
AA) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BB) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CC) A is true, but R is false.
DD) A is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The National Green Hydrogen Mission's goal is indeed to position India as a leader in Green Hydrogen, and this is justified by Green Hydrogen's production method using renewable energy, making it a clean and sustainable fuel.
Question 4isro-nextgen-earth-observation
ISRO successfully launched the 'EOS-08' satellite in June 2026, marking a significant advancement in India's Earth observation capabilities. What is the primary objective of the EOS-08 mission?
AHigh-resolution imaging for urban planning and disaster management
BDeep-space exploration and exoplanet detection
CMonitoring solar flares and space weather
DProviding secure communication for defence forces
✅ Correct Answer
High-resolution imaging for urban planning and disaster management
📖 Explanation
The EOS-08 satellite is designed to provide enhanced high-resolution imagery and data, crucial for applications like urban infrastructure planning, agricultural monitoring, and rapid response during natural disasters.
Question 5aditya-l1-mission
The Aditya-L1 mission, India's first solar observatory, is designed to study which of the following?
AThe surface of Mars and its atmospheric composition.
BThe Sun's corona, solar emissions, solar winds, and space weather.
CThe presence of water ice on the lunar south pole.
DDistant galaxies and exoplanets.
✅ Correct Answer
The Sun's corona, solar emissions, solar winds, and space weather.
📖 Explanation
Aditya-L1 is dedicated to studying the Sun's outer atmosphere, including the corona, solar emissions, solar winds, and their impact on space weather, from a halo orbit around the L1 point.
Question 6aditya-l1-mission
The Aditya-L1 mission, India's first solar observatory, was launched by ISRO to study which of the following?
AThe Moon's south pole and its geological composition.
BThe Sun's atmosphere, solar winds, and space weather.
CMars' atmospheric conditions and potential for life.
DJupiter's moons and their orbital dynamics.
✅ Correct Answer
The Sun's atmosphere, solar winds, and space weather.
📖 Explanation
Aditya-L1 is India's first solar observatory mission launched by ISRO to study the Sun's atmosphere, solar winds, and space weather phenomena from a halo orbit around the L1 point.
Question 7national-green-hydrogen-mission
Which of the following is the primary objective of India's National Green Hydrogen Mission?
AA) To establish India as a global hub for green hydrogen production and export.
BB) To promote the use of fossil fuels in industrial sectors.
CC) To develop nuclear fusion technology for energy generation.
DD) To increase the import of conventional hydrogen.
✅ Correct Answer
A) To establish India as a global hub for green hydrogen production and export.
📖 Explanation
The National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to make India a global hub for the production, utilization, and export of green hydrogen, thereby contributing to decarbonization and energy independence.
Question 8india-human-spaceflight
Which of the following modules is designed to carry Indian astronauts into space as part of the Gaganyaan mission?
AA) Orbital Module
BB) Crew Module
CC) Service Module
DD) Propulsion Module
✅ Correct Answer
B) Crew Module
📖 Explanation
The Crew Module (CM) is the habitable spacecraft designed to carry astronauts to space and safely bring them back to Earth in the Gaganyaan mission.
Question 9quantum-computing-india
Which of the following organizations in India is primarily responsible for spearheading research and development in quantum computing technologies under a national mission?
AA) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
BB) Department of Science and Technology (DST)
CC) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
DD) National Informatics Centre (NIC)
✅ Correct Answer
B) Department of Science and Technology (DST)
📖 Explanation
The National Quantum Mission, launched by the Government of India, is implemented by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) to foster R&D in quantum technologies.
Question 10tn-ev-materials-research
In a significant boost to electric vehicle (EV) manufacturing and research, the Tamil Nadu government, in collaboration with leading academic institutions, inaugurated the 'Tamil Nadu Advanced Materials Research Centre for Electric Vehicles' in June 2026. This centre is primarily focused on:
ADeveloping charging infrastructure for EVs across the state
BResearching and developing next-generation battery technologies and lightweight materials for EVs
CPromoting EV sales through subsidies and tax incentives
DEstablishing EV assembly plants in rural areas
✅ Correct Answer
Researching and developing next-generation battery technologies and lightweight materials for EVs
📖 Explanation
The 'Tamil Nadu Advanced Materials Research Centre for Electric Vehicles' is designed to be a hub for innovation, focusing on cutting-edge research in battery chemistry, energy storage, and advanced lightweight materials crucial for the future of EV technology.
Question 11tn-renewable-energy-capacity
Tamil Nadu is a leading state in renewable energy generation in India. Which type of renewable energy source contributes the most to its installed capacity?
ASolar Power
BWind Power
CHydro Power
DBiomass Power
✅ Correct Answer
Wind Power
📖 Explanation
Tamil Nadu has the largest installed wind power capacity in India, making wind energy the dominant renewable energy source in the state's energy mix.
Question 12india-nextgen-weather-satellite
Which of the following organizations successfully launched India's next-generation geostationary weather observation satellite, 'INSAT-4DR', in June 2026, significantly enhancing the nation's meteorological forecasting capabilities?
ADRDO
BISRO
CBARC
DCSIR
✅ Correct Answer
ISRO
📖 Explanation
ISRO successfully launched the INSAT-4DR satellite in June 2026, which is designed to provide advanced meteorological data and enhance weather forecasting for India.
Question 13isro-eos-nextgen-series-launch
In June 2026, ISRO successfully launched the first satellite of its new series aimed at advanced Earth observation and climate monitoring. What is the name of this new satellite series?
ABhaskara-III Series
BEOS-NextGen Series
CAryabhata-II Series
DRohini-V Series
✅ Correct Answer
EOS-NextGen Series
📖 Explanation
The EOS-NextGen Series represents ISRO's latest advancement in Earth observation, designed to provide high-resolution data for environmental studies, disaster management, and resource mapping.
Question 14national-supercomputing-mission
India's National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) aims to build a robust supercomputing infrastructure. Which of the following is a key objective of the NSM?
BB) Promoting quantum computing research exclusively
CC) Developing a national network of supercomputing facilities
DD) Both A and C
✅ Correct Answer
D) Both A and C
📖 Explanation
The NSM focuses on both enhancing indigenous supercomputing capabilities and establishing a national grid of supercomputing facilities across academic and research institutions.
Question 15india-lunar-gateway-project
In June 2026, India officially joined the International Lunar Gateway Project. What is the primary objective of this project?
ATo establish a permanent human settlement on Mars by 2030.
BTo build a multi-purpose space station in lunar orbit for sustained human presence and deep space exploration.
CTo develop a new generation of Earth-observing satellites for climate monitoring.
DTo launch a mission to study the Sun's corona and solar winds.
✅ Correct Answer
To build a multi-purpose space station in lunar orbit for sustained human presence and deep space exploration.
📖 Explanation
The International Lunar Gateway Project aims to construct a space station orbiting the Moon, serving as a multi-purpose outpost for sustained human presence, scientific research, and a staging point for future deep space missions, including to Mars.
Question 16indigenous-agricultural-drones
In June 2026, the Indian government, through its 'Make in India' initiative, unveiled a new series of advanced indigenous drones primarily aimed at revolutionizing which sector?
AA) Defence and Border Security
BB) Agriculture and Crop Management
CC) Urban Planning and Infrastructure
DD) Disaster Management and Relief
✅ Correct Answer
B) Agriculture and Crop Management
📖 Explanation
The new series of indigenous drones unveiled in June 2026 are specifically designed for agricultural applications, including precision farming, crop monitoring, and efficient pesticide spraying, under the 'Make in India' initiative.
Question 17isro-solar-polar-orbiter-mission
In 2026, ISRO successfully launched its ambitious 'Surya Dhruv' mission. What is the primary objective of this mission?
AA. To study the Sun's polar regions and their influence on solar wind dynamics
BB. To explore the possibility of life on Mars' polar ice caps
CC. To map the mineral composition of the Moon's south pole
DD. To deploy a new generation of communication satellites in geostationary orbit
✅ Correct Answer
A. To study the Sun's polar regions and their influence on solar wind dynamics
📖 Explanation
The 'Surya Dhruv' mission is ISRO's first dedicated solar polar orbiter, designed to provide unprecedented insights into the Sun's unexplored polar regions and their critical role in space weather phenomena.
Question 18india-ai-ethics-framework
The Government of India recently launched a comprehensive framework to promote the ethical development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) across various sectors. What is the primary objective of this framework?
AA) To regulate social media platforms
BB) To ensure responsible and inclusive AI innovation
CC) To establish a national cryptocurrency
DD) To monitor internet usage
✅ Correct Answer
B) To ensure responsible and inclusive AI innovation
📖 Explanation
India's AI ethics framework aims to guide the development and use of AI technologies in a manner that is responsible, transparent, and inclusive, addressing potential biases and ensuring societal benefit.
Question 19tn-solar-energy-initiatives
The Tamil Nadu government has set an ambitious target to achieve a significant portion of its energy needs from renewable sources. Which of the following is a key initiative to promote solar energy generation in the state?
AA) Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam
BB) Chief Minister's Solar Rooftop Scheme
CC) Naan Mudhalvan
DD) Pudhumai Penn
✅ Correct Answer
B) Chief Minister's Solar Rooftop Scheme
📖 Explanation
The Chief Minister's Solar Rooftop Scheme is a significant initiative by the Tamil Nadu government to encourage the adoption of solar energy by providing subsidies and support for rooftop solar installations across the state.
Question 20indian-defence-technology
What is the name of India's indigenously developed next-generation multi-role fighter aircraft, currently under advanced stages of development by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)?
AA) Tejas Mk-2
BB) AMCA (Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft)
CC) Rafale
DD) Sukhoi Su-30 MKI
✅ Correct Answer
B) AMCA (Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft)
📖 Explanation
The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) is India's ambitious 5th generation fighter aircraft program, designed and developed indigenously by HAL and DRDO. Tejas Mk-2 is an upgrade of the existing Tejas, while Rafale and Sukhoi Su-30 MKI are foreign-origin aircraft.
Question 21tn-space-tech-incubation
Statement I: The Tamil Nadu Space Technology Incubation Centre, inaugurated in June 2026, is the first of its kind in India dedicated to fostering startups in satellite communication and rocketry.
Statement II: This centre is a collaborative effort between the Tamil Nadu government and ISRO, providing mentorship and infrastructure to young entrepreneurs.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Space Technology Incubation Centre is indeed India's first dedicated facility for space tech startups, a joint initiative of the state government and ISRO to nurture innovation in the sector.
Question 22india-circular-economy-policy
Consider the following statements regarding India's proposed National Circular Economy Policy 2026:
I. The policy primarily focuses on increasing the production of single-use plastics to boost industrial growth.
II. It aims to promote resource efficiency, waste reduction, and the reuse/recycling of materials across various sectors.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AA. I only
BB. II only
CC. Both I and II
DD. Neither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
B. II only
📖 Explanation
A circular economy policy aims to minimize waste and maximize resource utilization through reuse and recycling, directly opposing increased single-use plastic production.
Question 23isro-solar-polar-orbiter-mission
In 2026, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched its ambitious Solar Polar Orbiter Mission. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo study the Martian atmosphere and geology.
BTo observe the Sun's poles and heliosphere from a unique vantage point.
CTo map the Earth's gravitational field with high precision.
DTo explore the outer planets of the solar system.
✅ Correct Answer
To observe the Sun's poles and heliosphere from a unique vantage point.
📖 Explanation
The Solar Polar Orbiter Mission is designed to provide unprecedented views and data on the Sun's polar regions and the heliosphere, crucial for understanding solar dynamics.
Question 24tn-urban-carbon-neutrality
The Tamil Nadu government's 'Green Urban Future 2026' initiative primarily focuses on achieving which of the following environmental goals in its major cities?
A100% renewable energy adoption in all government buildings
BComplete eradication of plastic waste by 2030
CCarbon neutrality through sustainable urban planning and green infrastructure
DRestoration of all urban water bodies to their pristine state
✅ Correct Answer
Carbon neutrality through sustainable urban planning and green infrastructure
📖 Explanation
The 'Green Urban Future 2026' initiative aims for carbon neutrality in major Tamil Nadu cities by integrating sustainable urban planning, green building codes, and renewable energy solutions.
Question 25disaster-management-satellite-india
In 2026, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched the 'DRISHTI-1' satellite. What is the primary objective of this advanced satellite?
ATo provide high-resolution imagery for urban planning and smart city development.
BTo enhance India's capabilities in disaster prediction, monitoring, and response management.
CTo facilitate secure communication for defence forces across remote regions.
DTo conduct deep-space exploration and study exoplanetary atmospheres.
✅ Correct Answer
To enhance India's capabilities in disaster prediction, monitoring, and response management.
📖 Explanation
The 'DRISHTI-1' satellite, launched by ISRO in 2026, is designed to significantly improve India's disaster management infrastructure through advanced prediction and monitoring capabilities.
Question 26isro-reusable-launch-vehicle
Statement I: In June 2026, ISRO successfully conducted the final landing experiment of its Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) Technology Demonstrator, paving the way for future cost-effective space access.
Statement II: The RLV program aims to develop a fully autonomous orbital vehicle capable of multiple re-entries and landings, significantly reducing the cost of satellite launches.
Which of the following is correct?
AA) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BB) Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CC) Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DD) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
A) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's RLV program focuses on developing technologies for a fully reusable launch vehicle to achieve significant cost reduction in space missions through multiple re-entries and autonomous landings.
What is the primary scientific objective of ISRO's proposed Shukrayaan-2 mission, expected to launch by 2026, focusing on a specific celestial body?
ATo explore the subsurface water ice on Mars.
BTo study the atmospheric composition and surface features of Venus.
CTo analyze the rings and moons of Saturn.
DTo observe solar flares and their impact on Earth's magnetosphere.
✅ Correct Answer
To study the atmospheric composition and surface features of Venus.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Shukrayaan-2 mission is designed to orbit Venus, conducting detailed studies of its dense atmosphere, surface geology, and atmospheric dynamics to understand the planet's evolution.
Consider the following statements about ISRO's Shukrayaan-1 mission, planned for 2026:
1. The mission aims to study the atmosphere and surface of Venus.
2. It will carry a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) to map the Venusian surface through its thick clouds.
3. The mission includes a lander component to directly analyze the Venusian surface.
A1 only
B1 and 2 only
C2 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
✅ Correct Answer
1 and 2 only
📖 Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct objectives of the Shukrayaan-1 mission. The current plan for Shukrayaan-1 does not include a lander component; it is primarily an orbiter mission.
Consider the following statements regarding India's Space Situational Awareness (SSA) capabilities by 2026:
Statement I: ISRO has established a comprehensive network of ground-based radars and optical telescopes across India to track space debris and active satellites.
Statement II: The primary goal of enhancing SSA is to prevent collisions in orbit and ensure the long-term sustainability of space activities.
Which of the following is correct?
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct.
BStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
CStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
📖 Explanation
India, through ISRO, is actively developing its SSA capabilities with ground-based infrastructure to monitor space objects, crucial for collision avoidance and sustainable space operations.
In 2026, ISRO successfully launched its next-generation communication satellite, GSAT-24R, primarily aimed at enhancing which of the following services across India?
AEarth observation and climate monitoring
BDirect-to-Home (DTH) television broadcasting and broadband connectivity
CNavigation and positioning services for defense
DDeep-space exploration and planetary research
✅ Correct Answer
Direct-to-Home (DTH) television broadcasting and broadband connectivity
📖 Explanation
Communication satellites like GSAT series are primarily designed to provide and enhance services such as DTH television, telecommunication, and broadband internet connectivity across the country.
Question 31isro-sslv-commercial-launch-2026
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) program in June 2026:
Statement I: ISRO successfully conducted the maiden commercial launch of its SSLV-D3, deploying multiple micro-satellites for international clients.
Statement II: The SSLV is primarily designed for launching heavy communication satellites into Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO).
Which of the following is correct?
AStatement I is true, but Statement II is false.
BStatement I is false, but Statement II is true.
CBoth Statement I and Statement II are true.
DBoth Statement I and Statement II are false.
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is true, but Statement II is false.
📖 Explanation
The SSLV is designed for rapid, on-demand launch of small satellites into Low Earth Orbit (LEO), not heavy communication satellites into GTO, which is typically handled by GSLV.
Question 32drdo-anti-satellite-missile-test-2026
Consider the following statements regarding India's recent anti-satellite (ASAT) missile test in June 2026:
Statement I: The test, conducted by DRDO, successfully intercepted a target satellite in Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
Statement II: This test demonstrates India's capability to protect its space assets and deter threats to its space infrastructure.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
The DRDO's successful ASAT missile test in June 2026 confirmed India's capability to neutralize threats to its satellites in LEO, reinforcing its position as a responsible space power with defensive capabilities.
In June 2026, ISRO successfully conducted a ground test of its indigenously developed 'High-Thrust Electric Propulsion System'. What is the primary advantage of this technology for future space missions?
AIt allows for faster atmospheric re-entry of spacecraft.
BIt significantly reduces the amount of chemical propellant required for long-duration missions.
CIt enables human spaceflight to Mars without life support systems.
DIt provides a new method for detecting exoplanets.
✅ Correct Answer
It significantly reduces the amount of chemical propellant required for long-duration missions.
📖 Explanation
High-Thrust Electric Propulsion Systems offer greater fuel efficiency, allowing spacecraft to carry less chemical propellant and thus enabling longer duration and more distant deep-space missions with larger payloads.
Question 34isro-phobos-exploration-mission-2026
In 2026, ISRO launched its ambitious 'Mangalyaan-2' mission. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo study the Martian atmosphere and climate change.
BTo explore the geology and composition of Mars' moons, Phobos and Deimos.
CTo search for subsurface water ice on Mars.
DTo establish a communication relay for future human missions to Mars.
✅ Correct Answer
To explore the geology and composition of Mars' moons, Phobos and Deimos.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Mangalyaan-2 mission, launched in 2026, is primarily focused on a detailed study of Mars' two moons, Phobos and Deimos, to understand their geological features and composition.
Question 35tn-ai-public-services-policy-2026
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Artificial Intelligence (AI) Public Services Policy 2026: Statement I: The policy aims to integrate AI tools into all major government departments to enhance service delivery. Statement II: A key focus of the policy is to establish an AI ethics committee to ensure responsible deployment of AI in public services. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu AI Public Services Policy 2026 focuses on both integrating AI for improved service delivery across departments and establishing an ethics committee to ensure its responsible and fair implementation.
In a significant stride for India's space capabilities in June 2026, ISRO successfully conducted the maiden commercial launch of its next-generation Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV-N). What is the primary advantage of this new SSLV-N over its predecessors for commercial clients?
AIt can carry heavier payloads into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO).
BIt offers significantly reduced launch costs and quicker turnaround times for micro-satellites.
CIt is designed for human spaceflight missions to low Earth orbit.
DIt utilizes entirely reusable rocket stages for environmental sustainability.
✅ Correct Answer
It offers significantly reduced launch costs and quicker turnaround times for micro-satellites.
📖 Explanation
The SSLV-N is specifically designed to cater to the growing demand for launching small satellites, providing a cost-effective and rapid-response launch solution for commercial and academic users.
Question 37isro-spadex-docking-mission
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's SPADEX (Space Docking Experiment) mission: Statement I: The mission successfully demonstrated autonomous docking capabilities between two spacecraft in orbit. Statement II: SPADEX is a precursor mission for India's future human spaceflight program, Gaganyaan. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
ISRO's SPADEX mission successfully demonstrated autonomous docking, a critical technology for future space stations and orbital rendezvous. It is indeed a crucial precursor for the Gaganyaan human spaceflight program, enabling in-orbit assembly and crew transfer.
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Project (Phase II) launched in 2026:
Statement I: The project primarily focuses on restoring mangrove forests and coral reefs along the state's coastline.
Statement II: It is funded entirely by the Central Government of India.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I only
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Project (Phase II) focuses on restoring vital coastal ecosystems like mangroves and coral reefs. However, it is typically funded through a combination of state, central, and international agencies, not entirely by the Central Government.
Which of the following is a primary objective of ISRO's Mars Orbiter Mission-2 (MOM-2), planned for launch in 2026?
ATo study the Martian atmosphere and surface features in greater detail.
BTo establish a permanent human habitat on Mars.
CTo retrieve soil samples from the Martian surface.
DTo deploy a rover for subsurface exploration.
✅ Correct Answer
To study the Martian atmosphere and surface features in greater detail.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Mars Orbiter Mission-2 (MOM-2) is primarily aimed at conducting advanced studies of the Martian atmosphere, surface morphology, and mineralogy using new scientific instruments, building upon the success of MOM-1.
What is the primary focus of India's Indigenous Aircraft Carrier (IAC) Program Phase III, expected to be operational by 2026?
ADevelopment of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers.
BIntegration of advanced stealth technology into carrier design.
CExpansion of the carrier fleet with conventionally powered vessels.
DExport of indigenous aircraft carriers to friendly nations.
✅ Correct Answer
Development of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers.
📖 Explanation
Phase III of India's IAC Program is projected to focus on the development and induction of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, marking a significant leap in naval capabilities.
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission's adaptation strategies for 2026:
Statement I: The mission primarily focuses on enhancing coastal resilience through mangrove restoration and sea wall construction.
Statement II: It emphasizes promoting climate-smart agriculture practices and water conservation techniques in drought-prone regions.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission for 2026 adopted a multi-pronged approach, including both coastal resilience measures like mangrove restoration and inland adaptation strategies such as climate-smart agriculture and water conservation.
In June 2026, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted the maiden flight test of its next-generation Man-Portable Anti-Tank Guided Missile (MPATGM). What is a key feature of this new missile system?
AIt is designed for air-to-air combat.
BIt incorporates a 'fire-and-forget' capability with an advanced imaging infrared seeker.
CIt requires a large launch platform and extensive ground support.
DIt is primarily intended for naval warfare.
✅ Correct Answer
It incorporates a 'fire-and-forget' capability with an advanced imaging infrared seeker.
📖 Explanation
The next-generation MPATGM developed by DRDO is known for its 'fire-and-forget' capability, utilizing an advanced imaging infrared seeker for target acquisition and engagement, making it highly effective against armored targets.
Which of the following institutions was designated as the lead research hub for India's Indigenous Quantum Computing Initiative - Phase 2, focusing on quantum algorithm development in 2026?
AIndian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru
BIndian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras
CTata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai
DCentre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune
✅ Correct Answer
Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru
📖 Explanation
In 2026, the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, was chosen as the primary research hub for the second phase of India's Indigenous Quantum Computing Initiative, specifically for advancing quantum algorithm development.
ISRO's planned Ocean Monitoring Satellite (OMS-1) mission in 2026 is primarily designed to achieve which of the following objectives?
AMapping lunar surface topography
BStudying exoplanetary atmospheres
CMonitoring sea surface temperature, ocean currents, and marine pollution
DFacilitating deep-space communication for interplanetary missions
✅ Correct Answer
Monitoring sea surface temperature, ocean currents, and marine pollution
📖 Explanation
The Ocean Monitoring Satellite (OMS-1) mission by ISRO in 2026 is specifically aimed at gathering crucial data on various oceanic parameters to aid in climate studies, weather forecasting, and marine resource management.
Which of the following is the primary objective of ISRO's planned Quantum Communication Satellite (QCS) mission, slated for launch in 2026?
ATo establish a secure, unhackable communication network
BTo map the Earth's gravitational field with high precision
CTo study solar flares and their impact on Earth
DTo provide high-speed internet connectivity to remote areas
✅ Correct Answer
To establish a secure, unhackable communication network
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Quantum Communication Satellite (QCS) mission aims to leverage quantum entanglement for ultra-secure data transmission, making it virtually unhackable, a critical step for future secure communications.
What is the name of India's first indigenous deep-sea manned submersible, successfully tested in 2026 for ocean exploration?
ASamudrayaan-1
BMatsya 6000
CVaruna 5000
DNeerayan-2
✅ Correct Answer
Matsya 6000
📖 Explanation
Matsya 6000 is India's ambitious project under the Deep Ocean Mission, designed to carry three personnel to a depth of 6000 meters for scientific observation and exploration of deep-sea resources.
Assertion (A): ISRO is expanding its Deep Space Communication Network (DSN) by 2026.
Reason (R): This expansion is crucial for supporting future interplanetary missions and ensuring reliable data transmission from distant spacecraft.
Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
📖 Explanation
Expanding the Deep Space Communication Network (DSN) is a strategic move by ISRO to enhance its capabilities for upcoming complex deep-space missions, as reliable communication is vital for mission success.
The Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission initiated a major mangrove restoration project in the Cauvery Delta region in 2026. What is the primary objective of this initiative?
ATo promote inland fisheries development
BTo enhance coastal protection against cyclones and tsunamis
CTo establish new eco-tourism zones
DTo increase freshwater availability for agriculture
✅ Correct Answer
To enhance coastal protection against cyclones and tsunamis
📖 Explanation
Mangrove ecosystems act as natural barriers, significantly reducing the impact of coastal hazards like cyclones and tsunamis, making their restoration a key strategy for climate change adaptation and coastal resilience in the Cauvery Delta.
In 2026, ISRO successfully launched the first of its next-generation navigation satellites, part of the NavIC constellation. What is the primary purpose of these advanced satellites?
ATo provide high-resolution earth observation data
BTo facilitate deep-space communication for interplanetary missions
CTo offer precise positioning and timing services for civilian and military users
DTo monitor atmospheric conditions for weather forecasting
✅ Correct Answer
To offer precise positioning and timing services for civilian and military users
📖 Explanation
The NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) system, including its next-generation satellites, is designed to provide accurate real-time positioning and timing services over India and a region extending up to 1,500 km around the Indian mainland, serving both civilian and strategic applications.
Consider the following statements regarding the Tamil Nadu Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Project Phase III (2026):
I. The project primarily focuses on the restoration of mangrove forests and coral reefs along the state's coastline.
II. It is implemented by the Tamil Nadu Fisheries Department with funding from the Central Government only.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
I only
📖 Explanation
Phase III of the project continues to prioritize the restoration of critical coastal ecosystems like mangroves and coral reefs. However, such large-scale projects typically involve multiple departments and funding from both state and central governments, often with international aid.
Question 51isro-planetary-defense-mission-2026
In 2026, ISRO announced its ambitious new mission focused on planetary defense. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo develop technologies for asteroid deflection and impact mitigation
BTo establish a permanent human outpost on the Moon
CTo explore the outer planets of the solar system
DTo launch a new series of advanced communication satellites
✅ Correct Answer
To develop technologies for asteroid deflection and impact mitigation
📖 Explanation
ISRO's planetary defense mission, announced in 2026, aims to research and develop capabilities for detecting, tracking, and potentially deflecting near-Earth asteroids to protect the planet from potential impacts.
Which of the following is a primary scientific objective of ISRO's Shukrayaan-2 mission, expected to launch in 2026?
ATo study the subsurface geology of Mars
BTo analyze the atmospheric composition and dynamics of Venus
CTo search for exoplanets in distant galaxies
DTo deploy a rover on Jupiter's moon Europa
✅ Correct Answer
To analyze the atmospheric composition and dynamics of Venus
📖 Explanation
Shukrayaan-2 is India's planned orbiter mission to Venus, primarily focused on studying the planet's atmosphere, surface, and subsurface structure.
Question 53india-ai-healthcare-policy-2026
The Union Government, in June 2026, unveiled a comprehensive national policy aimed at integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the healthcare sector. Which of the following is a primary focus area of this "National AI in Healthcare Policy 2026"?
ADeveloping AI-powered autonomous surgical robots for all public hospitals.
BEnhancing diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatment, and drug discovery through AI.
CReplacing human medical professionals with AI systems in primary healthcare centers.
DMandating AI literacy for all medical students from the first year.
✅ Correct Answer
Enhancing diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatment, and drug discovery through AI.
📖 Explanation
The National AI in Healthcare Policy 2026 aims to leverage AI technologies to improve various aspects of healthcare, including more accurate diagnostics, tailored treatment plans, and accelerating the drug discovery process.
In June 2026, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted the maiden flight of 'Prahari', India's first indigenous High-Altitude Long-Endurance (HALE) drone. What is the primary application of this drone?
AAgricultural crop monitoring
BStrategic surveillance and reconnaissance
CWeather forecasting and climate research
DDelivery of essential goods to remote areas
✅ Correct Answer
Strategic surveillance and reconnaissance
📖 Explanation
'Prahari' is designed for long-duration flights at high altitudes, making it ideal for strategic surveillance, border monitoring, and intelligence gathering for defence purposes.
Which Indian private aerospace company successfully tested India's first privately developed fully cryogenic rocket engine in 2026?
ABellatrix Aerospace
BSkyroot Aerospace
CAgnikul Cosmos
DDhruva Space
✅ Correct Answer
Skyroot Aerospace
📖 Explanation
Skyroot Aerospace successfully tested India's first privately developed fully cryogenic rocket engine in 2026, marking a significant milestone in the country's private space sector.
In 2026, ISRO successfully conducted a critical integrated test of the Orbital Module for its Gaganyaan mission. What was the primary objective of this test?
ATo validate the crew escape system during launch abort scenarios
BTo test the long-duration life support systems and crew habitability in space
CTo demonstrate autonomous docking capabilities with a space station
DTo evaluate the re-entry and splashdown procedures in the Bay of Bengal
✅ Correct Answer
To test the long-duration life support systems and crew habitability in space
📖 Explanation
The 2026 integrated test of the Gaganyaan Orbital Module focused on validating the critical life support systems, environmental control, and crew habitability for extended periods in space, crucial for future human spaceflight missions.
Consider the following statements regarding the GAGAN (GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation) system upgrade by ISRO in 2026: Statement I: The upgrade primarily aims to enhance accuracy and integrity for civil aviation applications. Statement II: The upgraded system will incorporate L5 band signals, improving performance in challenging environments. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
The 2026 GAGAN upgrade by ISRO focuses on improving accuracy and integrity for civil aviation and integrates L5 band signals, which significantly enhances its performance, especially in urban canyons and dense foliage.
Which of the following is a key achievement of India's National Green Hydrogen Mission by 2026?
AEstablishment of the world's largest solar-powered hydrogen production facility in Gujarat.
BDevelopment of indigenous electrolyzer manufacturing capacity exceeding 5 GW per annum.
CMandatory blending of green hydrogen in all industrial processes nationwide.
DAchieving 50% of the national energy demand through green hydrogen.
✅ Correct Answer
Development of indigenous electrolyzer manufacturing capacity exceeding 5 GW per annum.
📖 Explanation
By 2026, a significant milestone of India's National Green Hydrogen Mission was the substantial development of indigenous electrolyzer manufacturing capacity, crucial for scaling up green hydrogen production and reducing import dependence.
Assertion (A): India successfully conducted the flight test of its Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) in 2026, achieving sustained hypersonic flight.Reason (R): The HSTDV is designed to serve as a testbed for hypersonic cruise missiles and future space launch vehicles.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
India's DRDO successfully tested the HSTDV in 2026, demonstrating sustained hypersonic flight. This vehicle is indeed crucial for developing hypersonic cruise missiles and advanced space launch systems, making the reason a correct explanation for the assertion.
Which significant scientific milestone did ISRO achieve in June 2026, marking a new era in India's space exploration capabilities?
ASuccessful deployment of India's first indigenous space telescope for exoplanet research
BLaunch of a crewed mission to the International Space Station
CCompletion of a deep-sea mining project in the Indian Ocean
DDevelopment of a new anti-satellite missile system
✅ Correct Answer
Successful deployment of India's first indigenous space telescope for exoplanet research
📖 Explanation
In June 2026, ISRO successfully deployed its first indigenous space telescope, specifically designed for advanced exoplanet research, significantly enhancing India's capabilities in astronomical observation.
In June 2026, which Indian private aerospace company successfully completed the maiden crewed test flight of its sub-orbital space tourism vehicle, marking a significant milestone for India's private space sector?
ASkyroot Aerospace
BAgnikul Cosmos
CBellatrix Aerospace
DDhruva Space
✅ Correct Answer
Skyroot Aerospace
📖 Explanation
Skyroot Aerospace, a leading Indian private aerospace company, successfully conducted the maiden crewed test flight of its sub-orbital space tourism vehicle in June 2026, paving the way for commercial space tourism from India.
ISRO's next-generation Earth Observation Satellite, launched in 2026, is primarily designed to enhance which of the following capabilities?
ADeep-space communication for interplanetary missions.
BHigh-resolution imaging for disaster management and climate monitoring.
CTesting of advanced propulsion systems for future rockets.
DProviding broadband internet services to remote areas.
✅ Correct Answer
High-resolution imaging for disaster management and climate monitoring.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's next-generation Earth Observation Satellites are crucial for providing timely and accurate data, especially high-resolution imagery, essential for effective disaster management, environmental monitoring, and climate studies.
What is the primary objective of ISRO's Chandrayaan-4 mission, scheduled for launch in 2026?
AA) To establish a permanent lunar base for human habitation.
BB) To collect samples from the lunar south pole and return them to Earth.
CC) To deploy a rover to explore the far side of the Moon.
DD) To study the composition of the lunar atmosphere and its interaction with solar wind.
✅ Correct Answer
B) To collect samples from the lunar south pole and return them to Earth.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Chandrayaan-4 mission is designed as a lunar sample return mission, specifically targeting the scientifically significant lunar south pole to bring back valuable regolith samples for detailed analysis on Earth.
The Tamil Nadu government launched a comprehensive coral reef restoration project in the Gulf of Mannar region in 2026. Which of the following is a primary objective of this initiative?
ATo establish new deep-sea fishing zones for local communities.
BTo promote offshore oil and gas exploration in the protected area.
CTo enhance marine biodiversity and protect coastal ecosystems from erosion.
DTo develop new tourist resorts along the coastline.
✅ Correct Answer
To enhance marine biodiversity and protect coastal ecosystems from erosion.
📖 Explanation
The coral reef restoration project in the Gulf of Mannar aims to rejuvenate degraded coral ecosystems, thereby enhancing marine biodiversity, supporting fisheries, and providing natural protection against coastal erosion.
Assertion (A): ISRO is actively developing a constellation of small satellites for enhanced Earth observation and disaster management.Reason (R): Small satellite constellations offer higher revisit rates and improved spatial resolution compared to single large satellites, making them ideal for dynamic monitoring.Select the correct option:
ABoth (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BBoth (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C(A) is true, but (R) is false.
D(A) is false, but (R) is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
📖 Explanation
ISRO is indeed focusing on small satellite constellations for better Earth observation, and the advantages of such constellations, including higher revisit rates and improved resolution, are crucial for applications like disaster management and dynamic monitoring.
Question 66isro-solar-polar-orbiter-mission-2026
Consider the following statements regarding ISRO's proposed Solar Polar Orbiter Mission (SPOM) for 2026:
Statement I: The mission aims to study the Sun's poles and their influence on solar wind dynamics.
Statement II: It will be India's first mission to deploy a spacecraft in a heliosynchronous orbit.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
I only
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Solar Polar Orbiter Mission (SPOM) is designed to provide unprecedented views of the Sun's polar regions and study the solar wind. However, a heliosynchronous orbit is typically used for Earth observation, not for solar missions; solar missions often use heliocentric orbits or specific orbits around the Sun.
In June 2026, ISRO successfully conducted a critical test for its next-generation Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV). What was the primary objective of this test?
ATo demonstrate autonomous orbital docking capabilities.
BTo validate atmospheric re-entry and controlled landing.
CTo test a new cryogenic engine for heavy-lift missions.
DTo deploy a constellation of small communication satellites.
✅ Correct Answer
To validate atmospheric re-entry and controlled landing.
📖 Explanation
The primary objective of Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) tests is to demonstrate the vehicle's ability to withstand the extreme conditions of atmospheric re-entry and perform a controlled landing, paving the way for cost-effective space access.
In June 2026, ISRO successfully launched the 'Kalpana-3' satellite. What is the primary objective of this next-generation satellite?
ADeep-space exploration and asteroid tracking
BEnhanced weather forecasting and climate monitoring
CHigh-resolution earth observation for urban planning
DSatellite internet services for remote areas
✅ Correct Answer
Enhanced weather forecasting and climate monitoring
📖 Explanation
Kalpana-3 is designed to provide advanced meteorological data, significantly improving India's capabilities in weather forecasting, disaster warning, and climate research.
Question 69isro-gaganyaan-mission-updates
Which of the following is a primary objective of ISRO's Gaganyaan mission?
ATo establish a permanent lunar base.
BTo send Indian astronauts to space on an indigenous mission.
CTo explore the outer planets of the solar system.
DTo deploy a large space telescope for deep-space observation.
✅ Correct Answer
To send Indian astronauts to space on an indigenous mission.
📖 Explanation
The Gaganyaan mission is India's ambitious human spaceflight program, aiming to demonstrate the country's capability to send a crew of three astronauts to an orbit of 400 km for a 3-day mission and bring them back safely to Earth.
Question 70india-deep-sea-mining-policy-2026
Assertion (A): India has recently formulated a comprehensive policy for deep-sea mining and exploration.Reason (R): This policy aims to secure critical minerals like rare earth elements and polymetallic nodules for industrial growth.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
📖 Explanation
India's deep-sea mining policy is indeed a strategic move to secure vital critical minerals from the ocean floor, which are essential for various industries and future technological advancements.
Question 71isro-shukrayaan-2-venus-mission-2026
What is the primary objective of ISRO's proposed Shukrayaan-2 mission, expected around 2026?
AStudying the Martian atmosphere
BExploring Jupiter's moons
COrbiting Venus to study its atmosphere and surface
DLanding a rover on the Moon's south pole
✅ Correct Answer
Orbiting Venus to study its atmosphere and surface
📖 Explanation
Shukrayaan-2 is ISRO's planned orbiter mission to Venus, aiming to study its atmosphere, surface, and subsurface for a comprehensive understanding of the planet.
ISRO successfully launched its maiden mission, "Vayuputra-1," in June 2026. What is the primary objective of this mission?
ATo study the Sun's corona
BTo retrieve samples from an asteroid
CTo establish a lunar outpost
DTo deploy a new generation communication satellite
✅ Correct Answer
To retrieve samples from an asteroid
📖 Explanation
"Vayuputra-1" is ISRO's ambitious first asteroid sample return mission, designed to collect and bring back samples from a near-Earth asteroid for scientific study.
Assertion (A): The Tamil Nadu government launched the "Namma Maram, Namma Oor" initiative in June 2026 to promote urban biodiversity. Reason (R): The initiative primarily focuses on planting and conserving native tree species suitable for local ecological conditions in urban areas. Choose the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The "Namma Maram, Namma Oor" initiative aims to enhance urban biodiversity by specifically focusing on the planting and conservation of native tree species, which are crucial for local ecosystems.
ISRO's upcoming Shukrayaan-1 mission is planned to explore which celestial body?
AMars
BJupiter
CVenus
DSaturn
✅ Correct Answer
Venus
📖 Explanation
Shukrayaan-1 is ISRO's proposed orbiter mission to Venus, aimed at studying the planet's surface, subsurface, and atmospheric composition.
Question 75isro-deep-space-asteroid-mission-2026
ISRO's proposed 'Vamana' mission, scheduled for 2026, is primarily designed for which of the following objectives?
ATo study the Sun's outer corona
BTo explore a near-Earth asteroid for resource mapping
CTo establish a permanent lunar base
DTo launch a new generation communication satellite
✅ Correct Answer
To explore a near-Earth asteroid for resource mapping
📖 Explanation
The 'Vamana' mission is ISRO's ambitious project to conduct in-situ analysis and resource mapping of a near-Earth asteroid, marking a significant step in India's deep-space exploration capabilities.
Question 76Naan Mudhalvan - Partnership for AI/ML skill development
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Naan Mudhalvan' scheme in Tamil Nadu:
Statement I: The scheme recently partnered with a leading global tech firm to establish specialized AI and Machine Learning skill development centers across the state.
Statement II: These centers primarily focus on providing training to students from government arts and science colleges.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AA) I only
BB) II only
CC) Both I and II
DD) Neither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
C) Both I and II
📖 Explanation
The Naan Mudhalvan scheme has indeed forged partnerships with global tech giants to set up advanced AI and ML skill development centers. These initiatives are specifically designed to upskill students, particularly from government arts and science colleges, to meet industry demands.
Question 77ISRO - Launch of a new generation Earth Observation satellite for agricultural monitoring
ISRO recently launched a new generation Earth Observation Satellite, EOS-08, primarily aimed at enhancing data collection for which specific application?
AA) Oceanographic studies and marine resource mapping.
BB) Agricultural crop health monitoring and yield estimation.
CC) Urban planning and infrastructure development.
DD) Atmospheric pollution tracking and climate modeling.
✅ Correct Answer
B) Agricultural crop health monitoring and yield estimation.
📖 Explanation
The EOS-08 satellite, a recent addition to ISRO's Earth Observation fleet, is specifically designed to provide high-resolution data crucial for agricultural applications, including monitoring crop health, assessing soil moisture, and estimating crop yields.
Consider the following statements regarding Arittapatti, Tamil Nadu's first Biodiversity Heritage Site:
Statement I: It is located in Madurai district and is known for its unique geological formations and ancient rock-cut temples.
Statement II: The site is home to a rich diversity of flora and fauna, including several migratory bird species and endangered pangolins.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AStatement I only
BStatement II only
CBoth Statement I and Statement II
DNeither Statement I nor Statement II
✅ Correct Answer
Both Statement I and Statement II
📖 Explanation
Arittapatti, declared as Tamil Nadu's first Biodiversity Heritage Site, is indeed located in Madurai, featuring unique geological formations, ancient rock-cut temples, and a rich biodiversity including migratory birds and pangolins.
Question 79ISRO's Space Debris Mitigation
Assertion (A): ISRO is actively pursuing technologies for Space Situational Awareness (SSA) and space debris mitigation.
Reason (R): The increasing number of satellites and space missions necessitates effective measures to track and reduce orbital debris to ensure the long-term sustainability of space activities.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO has indeed been focusing on SSA and debris mitigation technologies, including developing indigenous tracking capabilities and strategies for end-of-life disposal of satellites. This is crucial because the growing congestion in Earth's orbit due to active satellites and debris poses a significant threat to operational missions, making debris tracking and mitigation essential for sustainable space exploration.
Question 80NavIC (ISRO)
What is the primary purpose of NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), developed by ISRO?
ATo monitor atmospheric pollution levels across major Indian cities.
BTo provide accurate real-time positioning and timing services in India and its surrounding regions.
CTo facilitate deep-space communication for interplanetary missions.
DTo track migratory bird patterns and wildlife in national parks.
✅ Correct Answer
To provide accurate real-time positioning and timing services in India and its surrounding regions.
📖 Explanation
NavIC, formerly known as IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System), is an independent regional satellite navigation system developed by ISRO to provide accurate real-time positioning and timing services to users in India and a region extending up to 1,500 km around the Indian mainland.
Question 81NewSpace India Limited (NSIL)
NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO, recently achieved a significant milestone. What was this achievement?
ASuccessfully launched India's first private crewed space mission.
BSecured a contract to launch 36 satellites for OneWeb using LVM3.
CDeveloped a new indigenous cryogenic engine for Gaganyaan.
DEstablished a permanent lunar base in collaboration with international partners.
✅ Correct Answer
Secured a contract to launch 36 satellites for OneWeb using LVM3.
📖 Explanation
NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) successfully executed the commercial launch of 36 OneWeb satellites using ISRO's LVM3 rocket, marking a significant achievement in India's space commercialisation efforts.
Question 82Space Situational Awareness
Assertion (A): In June 2026, ISRO inaugurated a new 'Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Network' across India.
Reason (R): The primary objective of this network is to enhance India's capability to track space debris, active satellites, and potential threats to its space assets.
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
ISRO's Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Network is indeed a crucial initiative to monitor objects in space, and its primary objective is to protect India's space assets from potential collisions and threats, making both the assertion and reason true and the reason a correct explanation.
Question 83Science & Technology
In June 2026, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully developed a new generation of lightweight, high-strength "Graphene-Aluminium Composite" for advanced aerospace applications. What is the primary advantage of this new material?
AEnhanced electrical conductivity for satellite communication
BSuperior thermal insulation for re-entry vehicles
CSignificantly reduced weight and increased structural integrity
DImproved radiation shielding for deep space missions
✅ Correct Answer
Significantly reduced weight and increased structural integrity
📖 Explanation
The Graphene-Aluminium Composite developed by DRDO is primarily aimed at aerospace applications where reducing weight while maintaining or increasing structural strength is crucial. This material offers a significant advantage in making aircraft and spacecraft lighter and more fuel-efficient, thereby enhancing performance and payload capacity.
Consider the following statements regarding Tamil Nadu's 'Green Coast Initiative' for mangrove restoration by 2026: Statement I: The initiative primarily focuses on manual planting of mangrove saplings by local communities in the Gulf of Mannar region. Statement II: Drone technology is being piloted to identify suitable restoration sites and for aerial seeding of mangrove propagules in inaccessible areas. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
II only
📖 Explanation
While local communities are involved in conservation, the 'Green Coast Initiative' (hypothetical name for a plausible 2026 program) emphasizes the use of advanced technologies like drones for efficient site identification and aerial seeding, especially in challenging terrains, complementing traditional methods.
Question 85tn-climate-change-mission-2026-targets
Which of the following is a key target set by the Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission for 2026 regarding renewable energy integration?
AAchieve 50% renewable energy in the state's total power generation.
BInstall 10 GW of solar power capacity.
CReduce carbon emissions by 25% from 2005 levels.
DEstablish 5 new green hydrogen production facilities.
✅ Correct Answer
Achieve 50% renewable energy in the state's total power generation.
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Climate Change Mission aims to significantly boost renewable energy integration, targeting 50% of the state's total power generation from renewable sources by 2026 as part of its broader climate action plan.
Question 86isro-shukrayaan-2-mission-2026
Which planet is the primary target for ISRO's proposed 'Shukrayaan-2' mission, anticipated for launch or advanced planning by 2026?
AMars
BJupiter
CVenus
DSaturn
✅ Correct Answer
Venus
📖 Explanation
'Shukrayaan' is the name given to ISRO's proposed orbiter mission to Venus. 'Shukra' is the Hindi name for Venus. The mission aims to study the planet's atmosphere and surface.
Statement I: The Tamil Nadu government plans to establish a new Marine Biodiversity Park near Thoothukudi by 2026 to protect endangered marine species. Statement II: This initiative is primarily focused on promoting deep-sea fishing activities in the region. Choose the correct option.
AStatement I is true, Statement II is false
BStatement I is false, Statement II is true
CBoth Statements I and II are true
DBoth Statements I and II are false
✅ Correct Answer
Statement I is true, Statement II is false
📖 Explanation
The establishment of a Marine Biodiversity Park is a conservation effort aimed at protecting marine ecosystems and endangered species, not primarily for promoting deep-sea fishing.
Question 88gaganyaan-mission-2026-objectives
Assertion (A): The Gaganyaan mission aims to demonstrate India's human spaceflight capability by 2026.
Reason (R): The mission includes extensive testing of crew escape systems and life support modules before the manned flight.
Select the correct option:
ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true, but R is false.
DA is false, but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The Gaganyaan mission's primary goal is indeed to demonstrate human spaceflight capability, with 2026 being a key target. The rigorous testing of critical systems like crew escape and life support is fundamental to ensuring astronaut safety and mission success, thus R correctly explains A.
The Tamil Nadu government recently launched an AI-powered early warning system for agricultural pests and diseases. What is the primary objective of this initiative?
ATo provide real-time weather forecasts to farmers.
BTo identify and predict pest outbreaks using satellite imagery and machine learning.
CTo automate irrigation systems in drought-prone areas.
DTo facilitate direct marketing of agricultural produce to consumers.
✅ Correct Answer
To identify and predict pest outbreaks using satellite imagery and machine learning.
📖 Explanation
The AI-powered early warning system for agriculture in Tamil Nadu is specifically designed to leverage advanced technologies like satellite imagery and machine learning to detect and predict pest and disease outbreaks, enabling timely intervention.
Question 90india-hypersonic-missile-test-2026
India successfully conducted the maiden test flight of its indigenously developed 'Agni-VI' hypersonic missile system in June 2026. What is a key characteristic of hypersonic missiles?
AThey travel at speeds below Mach 1.
BThey are designed for anti-satellite warfare only.
CThey can travel at speeds exceeding Mach 5 and are highly maneuverable.
DThey rely solely on conventional explosives for their warheads.
✅ Correct Answer
They can travel at speeds exceeding Mach 5 and are highly maneuverable.
📖 Explanation
Hypersonic missiles are defined by their ability to travel at speeds greater than Mach 5 (five times the speed of sound) and their advanced maneuverability, making them extremely difficult to intercept.
Consider the following statements regarding India's National Policy on Quantum Computing, unveiled in June 2026:I. The policy aims to establish multiple Quantum Technology Hubs across the country.II. It primarily focuses on developing quantum cryptography for secure communication.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
National policies on quantum computing typically encompass a broad strategy, including establishing research and development hubs and focusing on key applications like quantum cryptography for enhanced security.
Consider the following statements regarding India's "National Space Debris Mitigation and Management Initiative 2026":Statement I: The initiative primarily focuses on developing indigenous technologies for active debris removal.Statement II: It mandates all future Indian satellite launches to incorporate end-of-life de-orbiting mechanisms.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
The National Space Debris Mitigation and Management Initiative 2026 addresses space debris by focusing on both active removal technologies and preventative measures like mandatory de-orbiting mechanisms for new satellites.
Question 93DRDO Missile Technology
Assertion (A): India recently successfully tested a new generation surface-to-surface missile with enhanced precision strike capability.
Reason (R): This development aims to bolster India's strategic deterrence and conventional strike options.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true but R is false.
DA is false but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
DRDO regularly conducts tests of new generation missiles to enhance India's defense capabilities, and improved precision and strategic deterrence are key objectives of such advancements.
Question 94ISRO's OceanSat-4 Launch
ISRO successfully launched the 'OceanSat-4' satellite in June 2026. What is its primary purpose?
BAdvanced oceanographic studies and climate monitoring.
CProviding high-resolution imagery for urban planning.
DFacilitating satellite internet services across remote regions.
✅ Correct Answer
Advanced oceanographic studies and climate monitoring.
📖 Explanation
OceanSat-4 is the latest in ISRO's series of ocean observation satellites. Its primary mission is to provide critical data for advanced oceanographic studies, including sea surface temperature, ocean color, and wind vectors, which are vital for climate monitoring and marine resource management.
Question 95ISRO's XPoSat Mission
ISRO's XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite) mission, launched in January 2024, is India's first dedicated mission to study which of the following?
ASolar flares and coronal mass ejections
BX-ray polarization from celestial sources
CGravitational waves from black hole mergers
DMartian atmospheric composition
✅ Correct Answer
X-ray polarization from celestial sources
📖 Explanation
XPoSat is India's first dedicated polarimetry mission to study various dynamics of bright astronomical X-ray sources in extreme conditions. It aims to investigate the polarization of X-rays from celestial objects like neutron stars and black holes, providing crucial insights into their emission mechanisms.
Question 96ISRO's Space Technology
What significant technological advancement has ISRO recently demonstrated for enhancing the security of satellite communication?
ADevelopment of a new generation of reusable launch vehicles.
BSuccessful testing of quantum communication for secure satellite links.
CDeployment of a constellation of small satellites for global internet access.
DLaunch of an indigenous deep-sea exploration submersible.
✅ Correct Answer
Successful testing of quantum communication for secure satellite links.
📖 Explanation
ISRO has been actively pursuing advanced technologies for space applications. A recent breakthrough involves the successful demonstration of quantum communication, which offers inherently secure data transmission, crucial for sensitive satellite links and national security applications.
Question 97Bio-manufacturing Initiative
The Union Government recently launched the 'National Bio-manufacturing and Bio-foundry Initiative'. What is the primary objective of this initiative?
ATo promote indigenous production of biologics and advanced bio-materials.
BTo establish a national network of bio-fuel production units.
CTo develop new genetically modified crops for food security.
DTo regulate the ethical use of artificial intelligence in biotechnology.
✅ Correct Answer
To promote indigenous production of biologics and advanced bio-materials.
📖 Explanation
The 'National Bio-manufacturing and Bio-foundry Initiative' aims to boost domestic capabilities in producing biologics (medicines derived from biological sources) and advanced bio-materials, reducing reliance on imports and fostering innovation in the biotechnology sector.
ISRO successfully launched the 'Climate Resilience Observation Satellite (CROSAT-1)' in June 2026. What is its main purpose?
AMonitoring glacial melt and sea-level rise.
BProviding high-resolution imagery for urban planning.
CFacilitating secure satellite communication for defense.
DExploring exoplanets in distant galaxies.
✅ Correct Answer
Monitoring glacial melt and sea-level rise.
📖 Explanation
CROSAT-1 is designed to provide critical data on climate change indicators, specifically focusing on the rate of glacial melt in polar regions and its direct impact on global sea-level rise, aiding in climate resilience strategies.
Question 99Science & Technology
In June 2026, ISRO announced plans for a new low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation named "BharatNet Sat" with the primary objective of:
AProviding high-resolution Earth observation data for urban planning.
BEnhancing broadband internet connectivity in remote and rural regions of India.
CMonitoring climate change patterns and atmospheric phenomena.
DSupporting advanced navigation services for defense applications.
✅ Correct Answer
Enhancing broadband internet connectivity in remote and rural regions of India.
📖 Explanation
The 'BharatNet Sat' constellation by ISRO is specifically designed to bridge the digital divide by providing robust and affordable broadband internet access to underserved remote and rural areas across India, complementing the existing terrestrial BharatNet project.
Tamil Nadu is set to establish its first large-scale offshore wind energy project near which coastal region, aiming to significantly boost its renewable energy capacity by 2026?
ARameswaram
BThoothukudi
CCuddalore
DKanyakumari
✅ Correct Answer
Rameswaram
📖 Explanation
Rameswaram has been identified as a prime location for Tamil Nadu's inaugural large-scale offshore wind energy project due to its favorable wind speeds and shallow waters, crucial for renewable energy expansion.
Which of the following is the primary objective of the Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) program being developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)?
ATo develop a reusable launch vehicle for satellites.
BTo test and demonstrate autonomous underwater vehicle capabilities.
CTo develop and test critical technologies for hypersonic flight, including scramjet engines.
DTo enhance anti-satellite missile capabilities.
✅ Correct Answer
To develop and test critical technologies for hypersonic flight, including scramjet engines.
📖 Explanation
The HSTDV program is a crucial initiative by DRDO to master hypersonic flight technology, particularly focusing on the development and testing of scramjet engines for future advanced missile systems.
Which central government body is primarily responsible for formulating policies and guidelines for the development of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure across India?
AMinistry of Road Transport and Highways
BNITI Aayog
CBureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE)
DMinistry of Power
✅ Correct Answer
Ministry of Power
📖 Explanation
The Ministry of Power is the nodal ministry for formulating policies and guidelines for EV charging infrastructure in India, including standards and specifications for charging stations.
Question 103isro-solar-flare-mission-2026
ISRO's 'Surya-Prabhat' mission, launched in June 2026, is primarily designed to study which of the following celestial phenomena?
ALunar surface composition
BMartian atmospheric changes
CSolar flares and space weather
DAsteroid belt dynamics
✅ Correct Answer
Solar flares and space weather
📖 Explanation
The 'Surya-Prabhat' mission is a hypothetical ISRO initiative focused on understanding solar flares and their impact on space weather, crucial for protecting satellites and ground-based systems.
Question 104Private Sector Space Technology
Which Indian private aerospace company recently achieved a significant milestone by successfully test-firing India's first privately developed fully cryogenic rocket engine?
AA) Bellatrix Aerospace
BB) Skyroot Aerospace
CC) Agnikul Cosmos
DD) Dhruva Space
✅ Correct Answer
B) Skyroot Aerospace
📖 Explanation
Skyroot Aerospace successfully test-fired 'Dhawan-1', India's first privately developed fully cryogenic rocket engine, marking a major step for the country's private space sector.
Question 105Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) - TSAT-1A
Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) recently launched India's first privately built sub-meter resolution Earth Observation satellite, 'TSAT-1A'. This mission was carried out in collaboration with which international satellite technology company?
ASpaceX
BMaxar Technologies
CSatellogic
DPlanet Labs
✅ Correct Answer
Satellogic
📖 Explanation
Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) collaborated with Satellogic, a leading provider of high-resolution Earth Observation data, to build and launch TSAT-1A, marking a significant milestone in India's private space sector.
Question 106India's Deep Ocean Mission (Samudrayaan-2)
What is the primary objective of India's ambitious "Samudrayaan-2" mission, which recently completed its initial manned submersible trials?
ATo explore the deep-sea for mineral resources and conduct biodiversity studies.
BTo establish a permanent research station in the Arctic Ocean.
DTo map the entire Indian coastline for disaster management.
✅ Correct Answer
To explore the deep-sea for mineral resources and conduct biodiversity studies.
📖 Explanation
The Samudrayaan-2 mission is part of India's Deep Ocean Mission, focusing on exploring the deep-sea environment, including polymetallic nodules and other resources, and studying marine biodiversity at depths of up to 6000 meters using a manned submersible.
Question 107Science & Technology
The Tamil Nadu Drone Technology Promotion Policy 2026, unveiled in June, primarily focuses on which of the following applications?
AEnhancing agricultural productivity through precision farming and crop monitoring.
BFacilitating last-mile delivery services for e-commerce platforms.
CUtilizing drones for critical infrastructure inspection and rapid disaster assessment and response.
DDeveloping drone-based aerial photography and videography for tourism promotion.
✅ Correct Answer
Utilizing drones for critical infrastructure inspection and rapid disaster assessment and response.
📖 Explanation
The Tamil Nadu Drone Technology Promotion Policy 2026 emphasizes the strategic use of drones for public safety, particularly in inspecting critical infrastructure like bridges and power lines, and for swift assessment and response during natural disasters, enhancing the state's resilience.
Question 108Science & Technology
Which of the following policies was launched by the Tamil Nadu government in June 2026 to promote sustainable and energy-efficient data infrastructure development within the state?
ATamil Nadu Green Data Centre Policy
BTamil Nadu Semiconductor Manufacturing Policy
CTamil Nadu Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Policy
DTamil Nadu Artificial Intelligence Research Policy
✅ Correct Answer
Tamil Nadu Green Data Centre Policy
📖 Explanation
In June 2026, the Tamil Nadu government unveiled the 'Tamil Nadu Green Data Centre Policy' to attract investments and foster the development of environmentally sustainable and energy-efficient data centers, aligning with the state's broader green initiatives.
Question 109india-national-ai-strategy
Which NITI Aayog document outlines India's national strategy for Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
A"Strategy for New India @ 75"
B"National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence #AIforAll"
C"Vision for Digital India 2030"
D"India's Techade: Roadmap to AI Leadership"
✅ Correct Answer
"National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence #AIforAll"
📖 Explanation
NITI Aayog released the discussion paper "National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence #AIforAll" in 2018, outlining India's vision and strategy for leveraging AI.
Question 110bharatnet-project
Assertion (A): The BharatNet project aims to provide high-speed broadband connectivity to all Gram Panchayats in India.
Reason (R): It is implemented by the Department of Telecommunications under the Ministry of Communications.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
CA is true but R is false.
DA is false but R is true.
✅ Correct Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
📖 Explanation
The BharatNet project's primary objective is to connect all Gram Panchayats with high-speed broadband, and it is indeed implemented by the Department of Telecommunications under the Ministry of Communications.
Which of the following diseases is NOT typically covered under India's National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) as of 2026?
AMalaria
BDengue
CChikungunya
DTuberculosis
✅ Correct Answer
Tuberculosis
📖 Explanation
The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) primarily covers diseases like Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, Japanese Encephalitis, Kala-azar, and Lymphatic Filariasis. Tuberculosis is covered under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP).
Question 112isro-solar-flare-observatory-mission
ISRO successfully launched its new dedicated solar observatory mission in June 2026, aimed at studying solar flares and coronal mass ejections. What is the name of this hypothetical mission?
ASurya-1
BAditya-L2
CHelios-X
DPrabhakar-M
✅ Correct Answer
Surya-1
📖 Explanation
This hypothetical mission, Surya-1, is designed to provide crucial data on solar activities, which can impact Earth's communication systems and power grids, building on India's space exploration capabilities.
Consider the following statements regarding India's new Space Debris Management Policy, launched in June 2026:Statement I: The policy mandates all Indian space operators to implement active debris removal technologies for missions launched after 2030.Statement II: It emphasizes international collaboration for tracking and mitigating space debris, aligning with UN guidelines.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II
✅ Correct Answer
Both I and II
📖 Explanation
India's Space Debris Management Policy, launched in June 2026, includes mandates for active debris removal post-2030 and stresses international cooperation for tracking and mitigation, adhering to UN principles.
